We might conclude that elevated salivary TNF-alpha levels during acute RAU and especially during the remission period are of importance in RAU, whereas salivary IL-6 levels seem not to play a role in the RAU disease.

Burning mouth syndrome is an oral dysaesthesia presenting as a burning sensation of the tongue and less frequently other oral and peri-oral sites. There may be other coincident symptoms and signs, but the defining feature is the absence of any obvious organic cause. Because of this the condition frequently remains unrecognized for extended periods with a variable progression of symptoms. The current paper describes the complex presentation of burning mouth syndrome with the major aim of increasing recognition.

No abstract

SUMMARY – The aim of this clinical study was to compare low-level laser therapy (LLLT) switched on and switched off in the treatment of burning mouth syndrome (BMS). BMS is a debilitating condition for patients and highly demanding for physicians, characterized by burning symptoms in the oral cavity. Despite extensive research, so far only cognitive behavioral therapy and clonazepam have been proven successful for its treatment in randomized controlled trials. Forty-four patients with BMS were randomly assigned to the study laser group (LLLT) or the sham laser group. LLLT was performed with the GaAlAs laser (830 nm) used in non-contact mode on the site in the mouth where burning symptoms were present; study patients received 10 sessions (10 days). Each participant filled out the visual analog scale (VAS) and oral health impact on the quality of life scale (OHIP-CRO 14) before and after either therapy protocol. There were no significant differences between the groups before and after LLLT (switched on and off) in the quality of life (OHIP CRO 14 scores) (p>0.05). There was significant decrease in pain symptoms (VAS) in both LLLT switched on and LLLT switched off groups (p<0.05). Both LLLT switched on and switched off decreased pain symptoms (VAS) in patients with BMS; however, neither LLLT switched off or switched on improved the OHIP-CRO 14 scores.

Razina kortizola i simptomi žarenja kod bolesnika sa sindromom pekućih usta prije i nakon liječenja niskoenergijskim laserom: dvostruko slijepa, kontrolirana i randomizirana klinička studija Uvod Sindrom pekućih usta (SPU) poremećaj je obilježen simptomima žarenja sluznice usta, bez vidljivih patoloških promjena (1). Etiologija mu je nejasna, iako se kao mogući uzroci spominju poremećaji središnjeg (2) ili perifernog živčanog sustava. Najčešće zahvaćena mjesta su prednje dvije trećine jezika, iako se može pojaviti na bio kojem intraoralnom mjestu (3). Najčešće obolijevaju žene u peri i postme-ACTA STOMATOLOGICA CROATICA www.ascro.hr

Recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) is the second most common type of ulceration seen in the oral cavity. Notwithstanding an extensive literature and numerous proposed aetiologies, the cause of the disease remains obscure. In addition to the current conservative management of RAU lesions with corticosteroids, new treatment options are available and some have proven successful in open trials. This paper reviews patient work-up and management.Key words: Recurrent aphthous ulceration, mouth ulcers.Abbreviations and acronyms: FBE = full blood examination; HAU = herpetiform aphthous ulceration; MaAU = major aphthous ulceration; MiAU = minor aphthous ulceration; RAU = recurrent aphthous ulceration.

Acupuncture and clonazepam are similarly effective for patients with BMS.

The results of this study confirm that objective informing/reassurance of patients with primary BMS can result in decreased catastrophizing and improvement in the quality of life. By eliminating/changing negative patterns of behavior, a reduction in symptoms comparable with pharmacological treatment can be achieved.