A placa bacteriana é fator primário na formação de gengivite, cálculo dentário, halitose e doença periodontal. Objetivou-se avaliar a quantidade de placa bacteriana dental removida pela escova dental e dedeira. Foram utilizados 60 cães machos e fêmeas de diferentes raças, idade e peso, divididos em dois grupos. O índice Logan & Boyce foi utilizados para quantificar a placa bacteriana antes e após a escovação. Observou-se diferença estatística (p<0,05) na remoção da placa bacteriana antes e após escovação. Não houve diferença estatística (p>0,05) entre a utilização da escova dental e a dedeira.

RESUMO Objetivou

The aim of this study was the ultrasonographic evaluation of the organs in the middle third and caudal coelomic cavity of healthy snakes in the Boidae family. For such, 15 adult snakes from five species were evaluated: Boa constrictor amarali, Boa constrictor constrictor, Eunectes murinus, Epicrates assisi and Epicrates crassus. The animals were physically restrained for examination. After the application of acoustic gel over the scales the transducer was positioned in the frontal plane of the coelomic cavity. Microconvex and linear transducers at 10MHz were used. The ultrasound examination was conducted in the craniocaudal direction, with longitudinal and transversal sections to assess syntropy, echogenicity and echotexture of the organs. The liver was bilobulated, hyperechoic, homogeneous echotexture, hyperechoic capsule, with a hepatic lobe measuring 1.15±0.64cm wide, and the presence of a central hepatic vein, measuring 0.44±0.21cm in diameter. The gallbladder was characterized as an anechoic structure with echogenic walls and dimensions of 2.91±1.18cm x 1.38±0.84cm (length x width). The stomach showed a pleated and linear texture, echogenic, with hypoechoic walls measuring 0.3±0.07cm wide. The splenopancreas was a circular and echogenic structure, homogeneous echotexture and measuring 1.18±0.62cm in width and 1.56±0.88cm in length. The kidneys were characterized by elongated, lobulated, hypoechoic structures, an echogenic capsule and an echogenic central line, measuring 1.05±0.7cm in width. The testis were characterized by fusiform, hypoechoic structures, homogeneous echotexture, measuring 2.31±0.79cm in length and 0.6±0.23cm in width. Ovarian follicles were seen in different stages, 0.67±0.39cm wide and 0.73±0.38cm long. No differences were found between species of syntropy, echogenicity and echotexture of the organs of the coelomic cavity. The ultrasound examination proved to be a safe, non-invasive and efficient technique for characterizing the organs of the coelomic cavity of snakes.

The goal of this study was to describe the gastrointestinal transit technique in the Boa constrictor amarali. For that purpose, we obtained simple radiographic images of seven serpents, subsequently administering a 25mL/kg dose of barium sulfate and establishing a radiographic sequence at the following times: 5 minutes; 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, extending to 120 and 126 hours for one animal. The mean esophageal transit was 26.71±19.48 hours; the mean gastric filling time was 28.57±27.22 minutes and the emptying time was 60±12 hours; the mean filling time of the contrast medium in the small intestine was 3±2.16 hours and the emptying time was 97±15.65 hours. We also obtained the mean filling time of the large intestine, which was 40±11.31 hours. We found that the mean passage time of the contrast medium through the cranial gastrointestinal tract - until the complete elimination of barium sulfate from the small intestine -was 97±15.65 hours. In addition to determining the gastrointestinal transit time, the technique used allowed for the morphological identification of the alimentary canal.

The diagnosis of umbilical infections in neonates can be obtained from clinical signs, but the intracavitary involvement of structures and associated complications can be underestimated, compromising the establishment of adequate therapeutic approaches or prognosis. This case report presents the clinical, imaging, pathological and microbiological aspects of an umbilical infection in calves. Physical examination of the animal identified apathy, low body score, increased volume in the umbilical region and joints. The abdominal palpation identified firm structures in topography of the arteries and umbilical vein. Imaging examinations of the abdomen and joints were performed. Multiple, hyperechogenic focal structures have been identified in the liver, as well as cylindrical and firm structures in topography of the arteries and umbilical vein. In the joints, osteolytic changes, periosteal reactions, subchondral sclerosis and formation of osteophytes were seen. Umbilical panvasculitis triggered arthritis and an infectious process in the liver, the case being assessed as having an unfavorable prognosis and the animal being referred for euthanasia. At necropsy, multifocal abscesses were observed in the pleura, ribs, omentum, spleen and liver. There was granulomatous exudate in the urinary vesicle. The affected joints presented thickening of the joint capsule with the presence of exudate. In the microbiological analysis of liver fragments, urinary vesicle content and joint exudate, Proteus mirabilis with resistance to antimicrobials was identified. Imaging studies collaborated with the establishment of the prognosis and conduct adopted, and must, whenever possible, be included in the clinical examination. In case of death, necropsy allows a correct association of clinical signs and imaging findings.

Animais podem frequentar locais públicos como praias, praças e parques públicos, resultando em problemas de saúde pública. O solo contaminado por ovos e larvas de helmintos serve como via de transmissão e é um importante indicador de ocorrência de larva migrans cutânea (LMC) e larva migrans visceral (LMV). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a contaminação por parasitas de potencial zoonótico nas areias de praças públicas da cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Para tanto, foram coletadas amostras de areia e fezes de cães e/ou gatos de 40 praças e, posteriormente analisadas. Das praças avaliadas, 95% (38/40) estavam contaminadas. De acordo com a metodologia aplicada, foram analisadas um total de 456 amostras de areia e fezes e obtido 45,6% (208/456) de positividade. Destas, 45,9% (200/436) eram areia e 47,5% (8/17) fezes contaminadas. Os parasitas encontrados neste estudo foram ovos (62,4%) e larvas (30,9%) de Ancylostoma spp., ovos (0,26%) e larvas (5,5%) de Strongyloides spp. e ovos tanto de Toxocara spp. (0,59%) quanto de Dipylidium caninum (0,19%). O encontro de diversos tipos de parasitas tem uma importância epidemiológica significante, indicando a existência de condições ambientais favoráveis ao desenvolvimento destes microrganismos, principalmente em relação à possibilidade de ocorrência das LMC e LMV. Esses resultados mostram que existe risco à saúde da população que frequenta esses ambientes.

No abstract

RESUMO A displasia da valva tricúspide é uma cardiopatia congênita, pouco frequente em cães e não relatado em cães da raça shih-tzu. É caracterizada pelo espessamento focal ou difuso dos folhetos valvulares, subdesenvolvimento das cordoalhas tendíneas e músculos papilares, separação incompleta dos componentes valvares da parede ventricular, além da agenesia do tecido valvular. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever os sinais clínicos, as alterações ultrassonográficas e ecocardiográficas de um cão da raça shih-tzu de três meses, macho, apresentando prostração, anorexia, dispneia, vômito, diarreia e aumento de volume abdominal. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas e houve anemia macrocítica e normocrômica, desvio a esquerda regenerativo e linfopenia, além de hipoproteinemia por hipoalbuminemia. O valor de creatinina estava dentro dos parâmetros normais. O exame coproparasitológico das fezes apresentou-se negativo pelo método direto e Willis. Ao exame ultrassonográfico, o baço, fígado e ambos os rins apresentaram-se alterados, com presença de liquido anecóico sem celularidade, livre no abdômen em quantidade moderada, sugestivo de transudato ou ascite. No exame ecocardiográfico, foi possível observar dilatação atrial e ventricular direita, com regurgitação de tricúspide, valva tricúspide de aspecto anormal, com folheto septal preso ao septo e folheto anterior maior que o normal e movimentação paradoxal do septo devido à sobrecarga de volume do ventrículo direito. Todas as alterações encontradas no presente relato corroboram com as descritas em literatura. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: cardiopatia, congênito, coração.