Introdução: A principal estratégia para o controle e rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero (CCU) é o exame citopatológico. Objetivo: Descrever o resultado citológico, relacionando-o com as informações da inspeção visual do colo do útero. Metodologia: Amostras citológicas coletadas de mulheres atendidas na Atenção Básica de Saúde foram analisadas pelo método de Papanicolaou. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 34 mulheres, com idade entre 19 e 67 anos. Destas, 8,28% tiveram representatividade de células da JEC; 7,14% apresentaram agentes patogênicos e alterações reativas inflamatórias. Uma mulher, cujo colo foi identificado como "alterado" na requisição do exame, apresentou resultado sugestivo de ASC-US. Para outra mulher, com resultado citológico de LSIL, o colo foi identificado como "normal" na requisição do exame. Conclusão: Este estudo demonstra que a observação dos aspectos visuais do colo do útero durante inspeção visual do exame de Papanicolaou é uma importante ferramenta para o rastreamento do CCU.Descritores: Colo do útero. Papillomavírus Humano. Infecções ABSTRACT Introduction: The main strategy for the control and screening of cervical cancer (CCU) is cytopathological examination. Objective: To describe the cytological result, relating it to the information of the visual inspection of the cervix. Methodology: Cytological samples collected from women attended at the Primary Health Care were analyzed by the Papanicolaou method. Results: 34 women, aged 19-67 years, participated in the study. Of these, 8.28% were representative of JEC cells; 7.14% presented pathogenic agents and reactive inflammatory changes. One woman, whose cervix was identified as "altered" in the exam requisition, presented a suggestive result of ASC-US. For another woman, with a LSIL cytologic result, the cervix was identified as "normal" in the examination request. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that observation of the visual aspects of the cervix during visual inspection of the pap smear is an important tool for screening the CCU.Descriptors: Uterine cervix. Human papillomavirus. Infections.
*** Anal lesion caused by human papillomavirus in a woman living with HIV/AIDS ***AIMS: To describe a case of anal lesion caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in a woman living with HIV/AIDS.CASE DESCRIPTION: A 35-year-old woman, diagnosed with HIV five years ago, reported pruritus ani, anal bleeding, painful defecation, and presence of small warts in the perianal region. The patient was seen at a specialized care center and was subjected to clinical examination with visual inspection, which revealed perianal condyloma. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of moderate to severe dysplasia associated with HPV-compatible changes. The anal lesion was excised. At the onset of the symptoms, the patient was not on antiretroviral therapy and her HIV viral load was at its highest (2,951 copies/mL) compared with her previous laboratory tests. She had gone through emotional stress and presented with recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infections. These factors may have predisposed her to the development of anal condyloma.CONCLUSIONS: Since HIV infection may alter the history of HPV infection, it is important that screening strategies include cytological analysis of both the cervix and the anal region.
Introdução: Pessoas que vivem com vírus da imunodeficiência humana carregam maior carga epidemiológica de infecção pelo papilomavírus humano por conta dos riscos aumentados de aquisição, assim como de infecção por diferentes tipos de papilomavírus humano, persistência, reativação e risco de desenvolver doença pré-invasiva e invasiva. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de patologias associadas ao papilomavírus humano em pessoas vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Métodos: Foram coletados dados a partir de prontuários de 810 pessoas vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana atendidas em um Serviço de Atenção Especializado em Doença Sexualmente Transmissível/Aids Sul do Brasil e, dessas, 35 (4%) possuíam histórico de patologias associadas ao papilomavírus humano e foram incluídas no presente estudo. Este estudo possui aprovação em comitê de ética (parecer n. 2.770.634). Resultados: A prevalência de patologias associadas ao papilomavírus humano em PVIH foi de 4% (n=35), a média de idade desses pacientes foi de 44,57 ± 10,89 anos, sendo 51% (n=18) do sexo feminino e 49% (n=17) do sexo masculino. As patologias mais prevalentes foram o condiloma genital (46%, n=16), condiloma anal (29%, n=10), câncer do colo do útero (23%, n=8) e câncer de pênis (3%, n=1). Do total, 14% (n=5) apresentaram condiloma anogenital. Conclusão: Pessoas vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana possuem maior risco de adquirir a infecção pelo papilomavírus humano e desenvolver patologias associadas a esse vírus. Isso reforça a importância da vacinação contra o papilomavírus humano nessa população e implementação de estratégias de rastreamento e tratamento.
Aim Addressing the main methodologies published in the scientific literature and used to screen anal cancer in women living with HIV/AIDS. Methodology The current study is an integrative literature review applied to articles published between 2013 and 2017 in databases such as PUBMED, EBSCO and LILACS. Results Eight studies were selected to compose the current review after the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. All the articles had evidence level IV. Anal cytology and the DNA-HPV test were the methodologies prevailing in the studies. The number of participants in the studies ranged from 35 to 863, and all the studies involved women living with HIV/AIDS. The aim of most of the herein reviewed studies was to assess the prevalence of anal cytologic changes or HPV infection in women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA). Conclusion Studies have pointed out that there is concern about high anal cancer and anal HPV infection rates. They also highlighted the importance of the screening procedure for anal cancer prevention through cytology associated, or not, with molecular HPV detection methods.
The current descriptive study is an experience report about the use of gynecological simulators in teaching and research activities developed in the Undergraduate and Postgraduate courses in Health at Cruz Alta University in Southern Brazil. The aim of the present study is to describe the use of gynecological simulator as cervical and anal cytological sample collection teaching-learning strategy, as well as to describe the protocol adopted in such procedure. The gynecological simulator is a useful instrument applied to the sample collection practice for cervical and anal cytological examination purposes, since it is a static dummy anatomically similar to the female body. Simulating the procedure allows students to train and improve skills required to the technique; however, the theoretical contextualization must precede the practice in the simulator in order to stimulate students to reflect on all aspects involved in the exam. The use of gynecological simulator is recommended as complementary tool in cytologic examination teaching-learning scenarios.
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