RESUMOCom a finalidade de diminuir as perdas causadas pelos nematóides do gênero Meloidogyne (Goeldi, 1887) na cultura do cafeeiro, dentre as diversas medidas de manejo, o controle biológico com o fungo Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom., 1910) ABSTRACTIn order to reduce the losses caused by nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne (Goeldi, 1887) in coffee plantation, among several management measures, biological control with the fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom., 1910) Samson, 1974 stands out as an advantageous alternative of control, from the ecological or economy points of view. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate ten isolates of Paecilomyces lilacinus in the control of Meloidogyne paranaensis in coffee trees (Coffea arabica L.) cv. Icatú, in greenhouse conditions. In the first experiment, the coffee seedlings were transplanted to substrate where tomato plants were previously cultivated, for M. paranaensis multiplication. The soil was mixed with 50 g rice colonized with ten isolates of P. lilacinus. In the second experiment, coffee seedlings were transplanted to substrate (1 sand: 1 dirt) with 50 g rice colonized with the isolates of P. lilacinus. Then, the seedlings were inoculated with suspension of ±5000 eggs of M. paranaensis. In the two experiments, a new application was made with 50 g of the isolates after fifteen days. The design was completely randomized with twelve treatments and ten replicates. After 90 they days were evaluated. The isolated of P. lilacinus did not affect the diameter of the coffee stalk. In the first experiment, the isolates Pae 22, 24, and 28 promoted the growth of the seedlings, all of the isolates reduced the population of eggs in the root system, and the isolates Pae 3 and 12 reduced the population of J2 of M. paranaensis in the soil. In the second experiment, the isolates Pae 3, 10, 12, and 13 favored the growth of the plants but reduced the weight of the fresh roots, all of the isolates reduced the population of J2 in the soil, and the isolates Pae 3, 10, 13, 18, 22, and 24 reduced the malformations caused by M. paranaensis roots.
RESUMOO resedá-nacional (Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl.) é uma espécie nativa do Brasil que apresenta grande potencial para uso no paisagismo e em reflorestamento, além da madeira ser empregada na marcenaria de luxo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes substratos e concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) na estaquia de resedá-nacional. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições em arranjo fatorial 3 x 3, sendo os fatores: tipos de substratos (areia de granulação média; casca de arroz carbonizada e vermiculita de granulação média) e concentrações de AIB (0; 1.000 e 2.000 mg L -1 ), em parcelas compostas por dez estacas. Após 104 dias da instalação do experimento, foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: sobrevivência das estacas; retenção foliar; porcentagem de estacas com calos não enraizadas; estacas enraizadas; número de raízes por estaca; comprimento de raízes por estaca e massa seca das raízes por estaca. Não foram observadas diferenças quanto ao enraizamento em relação à aplicação de AIB, obtendo-se, em média, 23,5%. Entre os substratos, embora as estacas enraizadas em areia e casca de arroz carbonizada tenham apresentado maior retenção foliar, todos os substratos testados podem ser utilizados. Palavras-chave: estacas; enraizamento; regulador de crescimento; auxina. ABSTRACTThe Brazilian rose wood is a native species from Brazil that has great potential for use in landscaping and reforestation, in addition to its use in luxury furniture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different substrates and concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) in the cutting of Brazilian resedá.
RESUMOA entrada de agentes fitopatogênicos em novas localidades através de mudas infectadas constitui uma das principais formas de disseminação. Meloidogyne enterolobii é uma espécie de nematoide altamente virulenta que tem causado sérios danos a plantas cultivadas no Brasil. Neste trabalho é relatada a primeira ocorrência de M. enterolobii em mudas de muricizeiro (Byrsonima cydoniifolia), uma planta nativa da Amazônia e em mudas de goiabeira (Psidium guajava), no Estado de Mato Grosso. Com base nos caracteres morfológicos do padrão perineal de fêmeas, região labial dos machos e no fenótipo isoenzimático de esterase, foi confirmado que a espécie encontrada tanto nas mudas de muricizeiro quanto nas de goiabeira é M. enterolobii. Palavras-chave: Psidium guajava, Cerrado, goiabeira, nematoide de galha. ABSTRACT Occurrence of Meloidogyne enterolobii on muricizeiro of (Byrsonima cydoniifolia)Spreading of plant pathogens through seedlings is one of the main ways of introducing pathogens in places free of these agents. Meloidogyne enterolobii is a highly virulent species of nematode responsible for serious damage to plants grown in Brazil. In this study the occurrence of M. enterolobii on young individuals of muricizeiro (Byrsonima cydoniifolia), a native species of the Amazon forest, is made for the first time together with the first report of the occurrence of this nematode on guava (Psidium guajava) in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Based on morphological characters of the perineal pattern of females, lip region of males and the esterase isoenzyme phenotype, we confirmed that the species found in both of B. cydoniifolia and P. guajava is M. enterolobii.
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