Poveda VB, Galvão CM, Santos CB. Factors associated to the development of hypothermia in the intraoperative period. Rev Latino-am Enfermagem 2009 março-abril; 17(2):228-33.This study aimed to assess factors associated to body temperature changes intraoperatively in patients undergoing elective surgery. A prospective study including 70 patients was carried out in a charity hospital. A data collection instrument was developed and its face and content validity was established. The variables measured were operating room temperature and humidity and patient body temperature at different times. In the multivariate linear regression, the variables type of anesthesia, duration of anesthesia, body mass index, and operating room temperature were directly associated to mean body temperature. Nurses are responsible for planning and implementing effective interventions that can contribute to minimize costs and most importantly reduce hypothermia complications. DESCRIPTORS: hypothermia; perioperative nursing; research FACTORES RELACIONADOS AL DESARROLLO DE HIPOTERMIA EN EL PERÍODO INTRAOPERATORIO La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los factores relacionados a las alteraciones de la temperatura corporal del paciente sometido a cirugía electiva en el período intraoperatorio. Para esto, se realizó un estudio de correlación, prospectivo, en un hospital filantrópico. Fue elaborado un instrumento y sometido a validación aparente y de contenido, el cual fue utilizado para recolectar datos de 70 pacientes. La temperatura y humedad de la sala de operación y la temperatura corporal del paciente, en diferentes momentos, fueron las variables mensuradas. En la regresión linear multivariada, las variables: tipo de anestesia, duración de la anestesia, índice de masa corporal y temperatura de la sala de operación estaban directamente relacionadas a la temperatura corporal promedio de los sujetos investigados. Es el enfermero quien debe planificar e implementar intervenciones efectivas que contribuyan para minimizar los costos y principalmente reducir las complicaciones asociadas a la hipotermia. DESCRIPTORES: hipotermia; enfermería perioperatoria; investigación FATORES RELACIONADOS AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE HIPOTERMIA NO PERÍODO INTRA-OPERATÓRIO A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os fatores relacionados às alterações da temperatura corporal do paciente submetido à cirurgia eletiva no período intra-operatório. Para tal, realizou-se estudo correlacional, prospectivo, em um hospital filantrópico. Foi elaborado um instrumento e submetido à validação aparente e de conteúdo, o qual foi utilizado para a coleta de dados de 70 pacientes. A temperatura e umidade da sala de operação, a temperatura corporal do paciente em diferentes momentos foram as variáveis mensuradas. Na regressão linear multivariada, as variáveis tipo de anestesia, duração da anestesia, índice de massa corporal e a temperatura da sala de operação estavam diretamente relacionadas à temperatura corporal média dos sujeitos investigados. Compete ao enfermeiro o planejamento e i...

Nosocomial infection is regarded as a serious problem whose incidence and complexity has been increasing, thus generating various types of social and economic implications. This investigation aimed at assessing the incidence of surgical site infection and risk factors in patients submitted to elective surgeries in the specialty of gastroenterology performed in a public hospital in the interior of São Paulo State. Data were collected by means of a retrospective study of medical records from January to December 1999. Of the 134 cases under study, the occurrence of surgery site infection was detected in 18 situations (13.4%). Nine cases (50%) were considered to be superficial incisional infections, 8 (44.4%) were deep incisional infections and 1 (5.5%) was an organ/space infection. With respect to the risk factors, the ones with percentage higher or equal to 50% were: age above 50 years, the presence of neoplasia, surgeries that last more than two hours and inadequate trichotomy.

Objective: to investigate the evidence available in the literature on non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy among patients undergoing liver transplantation. Method: integrative literature review, including research whose sample consisted of patients aged over 18 years undergoing liver transplantation. It excluded those containing patients undergoing multiple organ transplants. For the selection of articles, Medline / Pubmed, CINAHL, LILACS, Scopus and Embase were searched. The search period corresponded to the initial date of indexation of different bases, up to the deadline of February 10, 2015, using controlled and uncontrolled descriptors: liver transplantation, hepatic transplantation, liver orthotopic transplantation, medication adherence, medication non-adherence, medication compliance and patient compliance. Results: were located 191 investigations, 10 of which met the objectives of the study and were grouped into four categories, namely: educational process and non-adherence; non-adherence related to the number of daily doses of immunosuppressive medications; detection methods for non-adherence and side effects of therapy. Conclusion: there were risk factors related to the health service, such as control and reduction of the number of doses; related to the individual, such as being male, divorced, alcohol or other substances user, exposed to low social support and being mentally ill.

Objective:To construct and validate a nursing care protocol in anesthesia. Method:methodological study of face and content validation, judging clarity, relevance, pertinence and comprehensiveness of a care protocol, elaborated from the integrative review of previous literature and based on the conceptual model of assistance perioperative nursing of Castellanos and Jouclas. The protocol was evaluated by five anesthesiologists and nurses from the surgical center. The results were analyzed through the content validity index. Results:among the 119 items assessed by experts, 11 (9.2%) instrument items presented content validity index of <80% and were changed. The items with disagreement were related to the selection and availability of materials and equipment, especially before anesthetic induction. The content validity index, obtained for the different items, proposed after the amendments mentioned, ranged from 80 to 100%, in the three periods of anesthesia, indicating the proper validity of the proposed content. Conclusion:the nursing care protocol in anesthesia was considered valid.

Objective:to analyze evidence available in the literature concerning non-pharmacological interventions that are effective to treat altered sleep patterns among patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Method:systematic review conducted in the National Library of Medicine-National Institutes of Health, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scopus, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and PsycINFO databases, and also grey literature. Results:ten controlled, randomized clinical trials were included in this review. Non-pharmacological interventions were grouped into three main categories, namely: relaxation techniques, devices or equipment to minimize sleep interruptions and/or induce sleep, and educational strategies. Significant improvement was found in the scores assessing sleep quality among studies testing interventions such as earplugs, sleeping masks, muscle relaxation, posture and relaxation training, white noise, and educational strategies. In regard to the studies’ methodological quality, high quality studies as established by Jadad scoring were not found. Conclusion:significant improvement was found among the scores assessing sleep in the studies testing interventions such as earplugs, sleeping masks, muscle relaxation, posture and relaxation training, white noise and music, and educational strategies.

The objective of this study was to identify what measures are taken to prevent hypothermia in the intraoperative period. This is a non-experimental, descriptive-exploratory prospective study. To do this, a data collection instrument was developed, which was submitted to appearance and content validations. The sample consisted of 70 patients. The measure that was most commonly used in the operation room was the passive skin heating, such as using cotton sheets (11.4%) and bandaging the patient's lower limbs (14.3%). There was only one occurrence of active skin heating (1.4%). Results show there is a need to implement effective interventions to prevent hypothermia, and nurses play an important role in this context, as patient safety and avoiding complications due to the surgical anesthetic procedure are nursing care goals.

No abstract

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a influência da carga de trabalho de enfermagem na ocorrência de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde (IRAS) em pacientes na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), segundo o tipo de tratamento. Método Estudo de coorte retrospectivo desenvolvido em nove UTI em São Paulo, Brasil, de setembro a dezembro de 2012. A carga de trabalho de enfermagem foi mensurada pelo Nursing Activities Score (NAS). Os testes T-Student, Exato de Fisher e regressões logísticas foram utilizados nas análises. Resultados A casuística foi composta por 835 pacientes (54,3±17,3 anos; 57,5% do sexo masculino), dentre os quais 12,5% adquiriram IRAS na UTI. O NAS dos pacientes admitidos para tratamento clínico foi de 71,3±10,9 e para cirúrgico, 71,6±9,2. O tempo de permanência na unidade e a gravidade foram fatores preditivos para ocorrência de IRAS em pacientes admitidos nas UTI para tratamento clínico ou cirúrgico e o sexo masculino apenas para pacientes cirúrgicos. Ao considerar as admissões independentes do tipo de tratamento, além das variáveis citadas, o índice de comorbidades também permaneceu no modelo de regressão. O NAS não foi fator preditivo de IRAS. Conclusão A carga de trabalho de enfermagem não exerceu influência na ocorrência de IRAS nos pacientes deste estudo.