Back ground: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of focal reactive hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity as reported in the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Subharti Dental College, Meerut and to compare these data with those of previously reported studies from other regions and countries.
Material and Method: Patient records of the Department of Oral Pathology were retrieved during a 10 year period from 2001 to 2010. Data of all reactive hyperplasias namely focal fibrous hyperplasia (FFH), pyogenic granuloma (PG), peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) and peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) were reviewed and analyzed for age, gender, and site of location.
Results: There were 209 focal reactive hyperplastic lesions that comprised 12.8% of the 1634 accessed biopsies. FFH was the most common lesion constituting 57.4% of the cases, followed by PG (18.7%), POF (17.7%) and PGCG (6.22%). The mean age of patients at presentation was 31.56 years. The female to male ratio was 1.5:1. The most frequently involved site was the gingiva (81.8%); other sites were the buccal mucosa, lips, tongue, alveolar mucosa and palate.
Conclusion: Oral lesions are often detected by Dental professionals and surgeons. Knowledge of the frequency and presentation of the most common oral lesions is beneficial in developing a clinical impression of such lesions encountered in practice and to minimize potential dentoalveolar complications.
Key words:Focal reactive hyperplastic lesions, fibrous hyperplasia, pyogenic granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, peripheral giant cell granuloma.
Oncocytic neoplasms comprise a group of rare tumors of salivary glands. Histologically, World Health Organization (WHO) (1991) classified them into three distinct types: Oncocytosis, oncocytoma and oncocytic carcinoma. Oncocytoma is also known by the more descriptive and less confusing terms of oxyphilic adenoma and oxyphilic granular cell adenoma. Oncocytoma is a rare benign salivary gland neoplasm composed of large epithelial cells with characteristic bright eosinophilic granular cytoplasm (oncocytic cells). It accounts for approximately 0.4-1% of all salivary gland neoplasms, occurring primarily in parotid glands, with only a small percentage occurring in minor salivary glands of palate, tonsillar fossi, larynx, nasal cavity, maxillary sinus and the lacrimal gland. It occurs primarily in persons older than 50 years of age. According to some authors, the biologic behavior of oncocytomas arising from minor salivary glands is that of an aggressive nature and should be considered as low-grade malignancies. Only 17 cases of histologically verified oncocytoma of an intraoral minor salivary gland are reported in literature, the current case being the 18th. Owing to the lack of large series, assiduous study of the cases reported in the literature may lead to better understanding of this rare entity. We herein describe a rare and probably the first case of minor salivary gland oncocytoma involving retromolar area in a 32-year-old female patient with a brief review of literature.
A 24-year-old male presented with an inability to walk after a trivial fall. He had pain and mild swelling anterior to the right knee for the past one year. X-ray showed a transverse fracture of patella with a lytic lesion occupying most of the two halves of the patella. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the lytic lesion revealed a few osteoclastic giant cells and occasional osteoblasts against a hemorrhagic background. Patellectomy was performed. Histology revealed trabecular bone admixed with proliferating chondroid tissue at places admixed with myxoid and fibrous tissue with focal areas of calcification suggestive of chondroblastoma. Focal areas showed osteoclastic giant cells with areas of hemorrhage. The purpose is to present a rare tumor occurring at an unusual site which presented as pathological fracture.
Fungal infections of the paranasal sinus are increasingly recognized entity both in normal and immunocompromised individuals. Aspergillosis and Mucormycoses being the commonest of all the fungal infections involving maxillary sinus manifests as two distinct entities, a non-invasive and invasive infection. It is important to distinguish the invasive disease from the non-invasive as the treatment and prognosis are different in each. These infections present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the physicians. Early diagnosis is essential in order to avoid high morbidity and mortality associated with the destructive disease and to instigate treatment before irreversible condition arise. The purpose of this paper is to add a few more cases of fungal infections involving maxillary sinus to the literature in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients with an emphasis on the fact that early diagnosis is vital in these infections, because delay in initiation of treatment can be life threatening due to propensity of fungi to invade adjacent blood vessels and embolize to distant organs.
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