Background: Diabetes mellitus has become a rapidly rising global health-care problem in the recent decades. Amongst the wide spectrum of concurrent complications, Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is quite common and distressing. The sensory symptoms may vary from numbness, hypo-aesthesia, allodynia to severe paresthesia. Long term consequences of these sensory disturbances are foot ulceration, imbalance, increased risk of fall and even amputations too. Since these symptoms interfere with the quality of life of diabetic individuals and also lead to increased socio-economic burden, immediate action to combat these is pre-requisite for health care development of any nation. Further, if timely diagnosed, these complications can largely be prevented. Nerve conduction study holds the gold standard tool to detect Diabetic neuropathy at its subclinical stage itself. Sural nerve is the commonest and most prevalent nerve involved, so it was considered for analysis. Duration of diabetes is an important factor which affects neurophysiology. Thus, the aim of the present study is to study the effect of duration of diabetes on Sural nerve conduction parameters in subjects with type-II Diabetes Mellitus having varying duration of diabetes. Method: Seventy-three Subjects with type-II Diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups according to the duration of disease. Group A:<5 years, B: 5-10 years, C: >10 years of diabetes. Bilateral Sural nerves were analysed using RMS EMG SALUS machine. Result: Significant reduction of Sensory nerve action potential (p<0.05) was found as the duration of diabetes increased from Group A to C. Conclusion: Long term Diabetes leads to Axonal degeneration in Sural nerves. Key words: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Nerve conduction study, Sural nerves, Diabetes mellitus, Duration of Diabetes, Axonal degeneration.
Background: World is confronting various deleterious consequences of Covid-19. Neurological complications are of paramount importance amongst these. One of the uprooting neurological complications is of peripheral neuropathy. Nerve conduction study utilizes evaluation of conduction properties of nerves to diagnose and classify type of neuropathy. Objective: The present study aims to identify the type of neuropathy in post-covid-19 patients with neuropathic symptoms. Materials and Method: RMS SALUS software was used. Bilateral Median, Ulnar, Tibial and Common Peroneal motor nerves and Bilateral Median, Ulnar, Sural and Superficial peroneal sensory nerves were studied. Parameters included Compound muscle action potential (CMAP), Sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) and Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) measured in millivolt, microvolt and meter/second, respectively. Result: Eighteen post-covid-19 patients with neuropathic symptoms underwent the procedure. Fourteen of them were electrodiagnostically proven cases of Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS). Variants of GBS included seven cases of Acute inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy(AIDP), six of Acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN), one of Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN). Out of the rest of four patients, two had normal nerve conduction findings in spite of having symptoms of muscular weakness and numbness. Other two had mononeuropathy. Conclusion: While the neurological sequelae of Covid-19 are still underexplored, health care workers must be aware of the possible serious life threatening neurological complications as is GBS. Being an autoimmune disease, GBS can be triggered by Covid-19 infection. Nerve conduction study holds the mainstay for the diagnosis of neuropathy. Write abstract/summary of your article here. Key words: Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Acute Inflammatory demyelinating Polyneuropathy, Guillain Barre Syndrome, Nerve conduction study.
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