In our cohort of patients with moderate/severe OSAS who were prescribed CPAP therapy, long-term compliance to treatment was present in less than half of the patients. Adherence was positively associated with OSAS severity and negatively associated with cigarette smoking and previous cardiovascular events at baseline.

Author contributions: Umbro I wrote the paper; Umbro I and Fabiani V collected and analyzed data; Umbro I, Fabiani V, Fabiani M, Angelico F and Del Ben M designed the study, critically reviewed and approved the final version.

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Our findings support the role of moderate/severe OSAS as a risk factor for incident MACCE. CPAP treatment was not associated with a lower rate of MACCE.

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