The purpose of the study is to evaluation of peculiarities of complaints, symptoms and clinical manifestations of typical asymptomatic (L43.80) and erosive-ulcerative (L43.82) forms of lichen planus (LP), its manifestations on the oral mucosa, depending on the age and sex of patients. Material and methods. In the present study, 111 patients with OLP were divided into a main clinical group with erosive-ulcerative form of OLP (L43.82, n = 86) and a comparison group with typical asymptomatic form of OLP (L43.80, n = 25) based on the complex of dental examination and simple randomization method. Mann–Whitney and chi-square tests, including Yates' correction, were used to assess the statistical significance of differences between the groups. Results. Patients with the typical asymptomatic form of OLP (L43.80) often had grayish-white, flat papules up to 2 mm in diameter on the unchanged mucosa of the cheeks and dorsal surface of the tongue in the absence of complaints. In the erosive and ulcerative form (L43.82) of OLP, the complaints of pain, intensifying at intake of hard, spicy and hot food, feeling of tightness, roughness, burning, slight dryness prevailed, papules, erosions of irregular or polygonal ulcers were simultaneously observed on swollen, hyperemic mucosa of cheeks, corners of mouth and lateral surface of tongue. The studied pathology prevailed in 81.98% of cases in persons of young working age. Depending on the form of OLP, the intensity of caries according to the CPU index corresponds to a high or very high degree of caries process, the state of oral hygiene according to the OHI-S index of poor or poor hygiene, the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues according to the PMA index of mild or medium degree of inflammation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: thus, the identified features of complaints, symptoms and manifestations of oral mucosal lichen planus should be taken into account by general practitioners when conducting outpatient appointments.
Subject. The article is a literary review devoted to the peculiarities of clinical manifestations of major dental diseases in patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism, type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology. The data of Russian and foreign literature were studied using scientific search library databases: PubMed, Elibrary, Cochrane. Literature analysis was carried out on 59 sources over the past 5 years (42 domestic authors and 17 foreign ones). The analysis of the literature data allows us to consider type 2 diabetes mellitus as highly common somatic diseases leading to the development of various symptoms, syndromes and diseases of the hard tissues of the teeth, periodontal and oral mucosa. Results. Among the wide range of possible complications and symptoms are - impaired taste sensitivity, the presence of xerostomia, burning mouth syndrome, glossalgia, lichen planus, leukoplakia, candidiasis, chronic inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues, complicated and uncomplicated caries of hard dental tissues. Diagnostic and therapeutic and preventive measures in this case should be aimed at their early diagnosis and prevention. Conclusions. Against the background of manifestations of DM2, there is a significant prevalence of major dental diseases, which most often depends not only on the duration of the course and severity of DM2, but also on the state of carbohydrate metabolism compensation, age and gender. Undoubtedly, the principle of continuity of interested specialties, including dentists, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists and other specialists, has great prospects both in the diagnosis and prevention of pathology of the oral mucosa.
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