Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are severe neurodegenerative disorders that belong to a common disease spectrum. The molecular and cellular aetiology of the spectrum is a highly complex encompassing dysfunction in many processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. There is a paucity of treatment options aside from therapies with subtle effects on the post diagnostic lifespan and symptom management. This presents great interest and necessity for the discovery and development of new compounds and therapies with beneficial effects on the disease. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites found in plant-based foods and are well known for their antioxidant activity. Recent research suggests that they also have a diverse array of neuroprotective functions that could lead to better treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. We present an overview of the effects of various polyphenols in cell line and animal models of ALS/FTD. Furthermore, possible mechanisms behind actions of the most researched compounds (resveratrol, curcumin and green tea catechins) are discussed.
The purpose of the article is to analyse the world practice of organization and functioning of strategic alliances as one of the forms of integration of companies and consider the peculiarities of their functioning, including in aviation. Initially, their creation was aimed at achieving comparatively simple goals such as regional or global coordination of sales or distribution of innovations and new proprietary technologies in related industries. Economic motivation was to reduce the cost of global marketing or the spread of technology, as well as to increase sales through stable partnerships or cooperative ties. Subsequently, international strategic alliances have continued. The methodology of the research is the position on the theory of enterprise management, as well as the methods of differentiated and component analysis for the scientific definition of the term “strategic analysis.” It also describes the differences in strategic alliances from other organizational forms of company integration. The results prove that global competition is not the only reason for the creation of international strategic alliances. The market conditions and technological factors of development, which are derived from the determination and properties of alliances themselves, are determined, but at the same time, they have their own peculiarities, which are dictated by the state of economic life. The emergence of alliances was the result of increased global competition, and especially non-price. However, global competition is not the only reason for the creation of international strategic alliances. In addition, it is also useful to refer to market conditions and technological development factors that derive from the definition and properties of the alliances themselves, but at the same time, they have their own peculiarities that are dictated by the state of the economy. It is practically grounded that one of the motives for the creation and effective development of strategic alliances in the aviation sector is the possibility of improving the level of service. The main problems of creating alliances, regularities of successful functioning, and the main causes of the collapse of alliances are described. Value/originality. Based on the analysis of the problems that arise in the functioning of alliances, the authors proposed some ways to solve these problems and, accordingly, overcome the causes of the collapse of international strategic alliances.
Protein determination by the methods of Kjeldahl, Biuret, Bradford and UV absorbance at 280 nm have been studied in regard to accuracy, precision and simplicity. A reference preparation of a highly purified factor IX concentrate, Nanotiv, reconstituted to 1/5 of ordinary volume was used in the study in order to make a comparison between the different procedures. The Kjeldahl method resulted in a protein concentration of 3.7 mg/ml, whereas the Biuret, Bradford (BSA) and UV absorbance at 280 nm resulted in protein concentrations of 3.6, 2.5 and 2.8 mg/ml, respectively. The corresponding values for specific activity were 136, 140, 200 and 179 IU/mg, respectively. These results demonstrate a great variation in the response obtained by different methods for determination of total protein.
Na pojavu stresnog odgovora kod pojedinca u velikoj mjeri utječe individualna procjena objektivnog stanja ili događaja. Reakcija pojedinca na stres rezultat je međudjelovanja individualne osjetljivosti, vanjskih okolnosti i stresora. Individualna osjetljivost je određena osobnošću, dobi i stilom života. Vanjske okolnosti uključuju okoliš, obitelj, prijatelje i radnu atmosferu. Bolesti koje nastaju pod utjecajem prevelikog stresa ovise o sva tri navedena čimbenika [1]. Reakcije na stres su: psihičke, ponašajne i fiziološke. Sažetak: Cilj: Svrha je rada utvrditi koje opće i specifične stresore medicinske sestre percipiraju kao najzastupljenije u radu s umirućim pacijentom te koji su simptomi sindroma izgaranja najčešći. Metode: Ispitanice su bile 102 medicinske sestre zaposlene u Bolnici Novi Marof i Bolnici Klenovnik. U svrhe istraživanja kreiran je originalni upitnik. Ispitivanje je bilo anonimno. Ispitanice su upoznate sa svrhom istraživanja. Rezultati: Opći stresori koji se ističu svojom učestalošću jesu nedovoljan broj djelatnika, preopterećenost poslom, neadekvatna sredstva za rad, neadekvatna osobna primanja, neadekvatan radni prostor i/ili prostor za odmor te smjenski rad. Kao specifičan stresor izdvaja se promatranje dugotrajnog umiranja i komunikacija s umirućima i članovima obitelji tijekom bolesti, smrti i nakon nje. Oko četvrtine uključenih medicinskih sestara ima simptomatologiju sindroma izgaranja. Zaključak: Medicinske sestre su u radu s umirućim pacijentom izložene djelovanju znatnog broja stresora. Isti utječu na učestalost pojave i broj izraženih simptoma sindroma izgaranja, s obzirom da se kao uzrok spomenutog sindroma navodi izloženost dugotrajnom i pretjeranom stresu. Kod znatnog broja uključenih ispitanika verificira se znatan obim zadovoljstva svakodnevnim radnim zadatcima. Ključne riječi: stresori • medicinska sestra • umirući pacijenti • sindrom izgaranja Kratki naslov: medicinski djelatnici i umirući pacijenti
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