Dėl COVID-19 pandemijos paskelbus karantiną, per trumpą laiką turėjo persiorientuoti ir persiorganizuoti visa švietimo sistema, kai vaikų ugdymo (dalykinio, socialinio, net fizinio) forma pakeista iš tiesioginės į nuotolinio ugdymo formą. Šis nenumatytų sąlygų sukeltas staigus pokytis paveikė ugdymo proceso dalyvių (vaikų, tėvų, mokytojų) sąveiką, įsitraukimą ir vaidmenis ugdymo procese; ugdymo aplinką, turinį ir pobūdį. Tai analogų neturinti patirtis, kurią būtina tirti idant būtų geriau pasirengta galimoms ateities krizėms. Todėl įvairių sričių ir krypčių - edukologijos, psichologijos, socialinio darbo, sociologijos ir medicinos mokslininkai susijungė bendram tyrimo projektui „Nuotolinis vaikų ugdymas pandemijos dėl COVID-19 metu: grėsmės bei galimybės ekosisteminiu požiūriu“, kurį 2020 m. birželio – gruodžio mėnesiais finansavo Lietuvos mokslo taryba (sutarties Nr. S-COV-20-11). Pagrindinis šio projekto tikslas - visapusiškai analizuoti privalomo nuotolinio ugdymo(si) iššūkius ugdymo procesui ir jo dalyviams (vaikams, tėvams, ugdytojams), grėsmes ir galimybes priešmokyklinių ir pirmų - aštuntų klasių vaikų fizinei ir psichikos sveikatai, saugumui ir mokymosi sėkmei bei parengti rekomendacijas švietimo, socialinės politikos formuotojams ir vykdytojams, mokyklų vadovams, mokytojams ir tėvams. Ši mokslo studija - tai labai intensyvaus plataus tyrimo, atlikto per trumpą laiką daugiadisciplininės mokslininkų komandos, rezultatas.
The article deals with the more significant theoretical and practical aspects of primary school pupils’ self-assessment achievements: the concept, the purpose and significance of promoting self-assessment, opportunities of primary school pupils’ self-assessment. The results of the exploratory research are presented: the attitude of primary school pupils, their parents and teachers towards the self-assessment of the pupils of this age. The object of the research – the attitude of primary school pupils, their parents and teachers towards the self-assessment of learning achievements. The aim of the research – to examine the attitude of primary school pupils, their parents and teachers towards the self-assessment of learning achievements. The quantitative research was done in February 2012 at secondary schools: Vilnius Ateities High School, Švenčionys Primary and High Schools aiming to find out the attitude of teachers, students and parents towards the assessment of learning outcomes and self-assessment in primary education. Research instrumentation formed: surveys for teachers, students and their parents. Research scope: 70 surveys for teachers, 70 for students and 70 for students’ parents were formed and distributed. The received reversibility quota reached 100 %. The research showed that the assessment of learning outcomes is important and significant to all members of educational process (students, parents and teachers). Besides, parents feel that they are able to participate in the assessment together with teachers and they want to be considered as their partners. Thus all the above mentioned members / partners of the educational process should be included into the process of the assessment of students’ progress and achievements. The basis of the assessment of learning achievements and progress in primary education is the self-assessment of students. It is an interesting, human and effective way of assessment that allows children to lead their own learning by their selves with responsibility, to be equitable partners of teachers and personally observe their own progress. The main participants of the education (learning) process (pupils, their parents and teachers) acknowledge that primary school pupils are capable to evaluate their learning achievements. Teachers are the most optimistic about the self-assessment of the pupils of this age, meanwhile parents are the most pessimistic. Most of parents and teachers of primary school pupils understand the pupils’ self-assessment as a method of developing pupils’ responsibility for their learning. Parents of primary school pupils much rarely than teachers relate the self-assessment with the education of the pupil as an equal teacher’s partner and with the education of the pupil who is capable to manage his/her learning on his / her own. Only a minority of parents of primary school pupils accept the idea that pupils of this age are capable to manage their learning on their own. The answers of primary school pupils and teachers indicate that primary school pupils are allowed to evaluate themselves, however, students’ self-assessment is now associated with the generalizing assessment. The daily learning is related to teacher’s evaluation rather than students’ self-assessment.
With formal education moving online during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania, issues related to digital literacy and digital exclusion have become more visible. Especially concerning is the growing digital exclusion of those social groups in the society which before the pandemic were already affected by social and economic problems, or other special needs. Further, the shift of formal education online created new challenges around digital exclusion. Recent literature dealing with the subject of digital exclusion, such as the study by Beaunoyer et. al. (2020), suggests that digital exclusion can be caused by a lack of digital literacy skills. Thus, even people with good technological equipment might experience difficulties to fully partake in online education, correctly understand information, or make full use of technologies involved in the online learning process because of a lack of knowledge, missing competencies, or motivation. Other scholars involved in researching digital exclusion argue that this binary approach in understanding the phenomenon is not sufficient (i.e., when the causes for it are seen only in insufficient technical equipment or missing skills). A third aspect of the social, cultural and economic context has to be added. In this article, digital exclusion will be analysed according to the three levels classification as suggested by Scheerder et al. (2017, 2019): (1) lack of technical equipment, (2) missing digital literacy skills, and (3) differences caused by sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors.During the months of June to December 2020, qualitative research was conducted in which pupils from 5th–8th grades, their parents, the teachers of the primary and secondary schools, and the school administration have been interviewed. The research consisted of two stages: the first one in relation to the first COVID-19 wave in Lithuania in June–July 2020, the second one – in relation to the second COVID-19 wave in October–December 2020. The data was collected via focus groups, both during face-to-face meetings and online. Research has shown that at the beginning of the online education process, the main focus of the schools was to tackle the first level difficulties (technical equipment), but the main challenges were related to the third level (sociodemographic and socioeconomic differences). In solving problems related to technical equipment, both school communities and parents have been mobilized. This depended on parents being able to ensure that their children had a proper enough computer and sufficient internet connection to ensure appropriate online learning at home. The teachers sometimes also felt individually responsible for tackling technical equipment and internet connection problems related to single pupils or their own classes. Many more difficulties were caused by the challenges related to the second level of problems involving digital literacy for all participants in online learning. Since there was not a sufficient level of open and coordinated communication during the period of distance learning, some groups within the school communities (including teachers) felt “left out” or accused of not having the necessary digital skills.The accumulated experience led to a realisation that the emerging problems here should not be seen and dealt with individually (i.e., only as the issues and responsibilities of separate pupils or teachers) but could be much more effectively tackled with the involvement of the whole school community (including the school administration and parents). During the first COVID-19 wave, school communities struggled most with the third-level difficulties of digital exclusion: it was very challenging to appropriately integrate pupils with special needs or at-risk children into the distance learning process. This was already the case before the pandemic, but distant learning created an additional edge to the existing problem of social exclusion for those groups. The lack of special needs professionals in formal school education, missing expertise and skills for working online with special needs pupils, insufficient collaboration between educational specialists and social work professionals – these problems became significant factors in the social exclusion of certain pupils during the periods of distance learning.Therefore, an understanding of digital exclusion as a complex, multi-layered phenomenon is significant in creating effective systemic strategies for tackling it, in which all participants of the school community are included and collaborate with each other.
The article explores possibilities of integrating mathematics and language learning. The language of mathematics differs remarkably from everyday speech, which may cause some difficulties not only for primary students, but also for pre-service teachers. One of the methods to resolve this issue is integrating mathematics and language learning. This method also develops university students’ skills to apply didactic and subject knowledge. The article examines skills of pre-service teachers that are revealed in their fictional stories on a chosen mathematical subject. The analysis of mathematical fiction demonstrates that subject integration emphasizes students’ abilities to distinguish essential aspects of the chosen mathematical phenomenon, as well as how students are able to apply and explain concepts, and to adjust to age-specific target audience.
This study was conducted to analyze the fourth grade students’ linguistic abilities allowing them to express their arguments in oral and written texts: to determine both the number of presented arguments as well as the level of their elaboration, to characterize the expression of the arguments. The recorded number of participants was 117 fourth-graders from 15 Lithuanian schools. Oral and written texts created by the students were explored in the study. The obtained results revealed that the fourth grade students were able to voice their opinion on at least one argument when they cre-ated an oral or written text on a familiar topic and context. Approximately one-quarter of the study participants were able to present more than three arguments. No significant differences were found between oral and written argumentations with regard to quantity of the arguments. A qualitative analysis of the spoken and written texts indicates that the fourth grade students can use generalized statements (unelaborated secondary statements), they rely on examples and sources. It has also been observed that the study participants’ abilities to develop arguments differ considerably. Their very diverse, even contrasting abilities demonstrate the necessity for developing/updating the curriculum content that would focus more on argumentation.
As we care to create a successful learning for every student we talk about students’ capacity to evaluate their own studying process. It is thought that when student is able to assess his own learning his academic results tends to be much higher than students who prefer not to assess themselves. Thus, it is recommended to begin self-assessment lessons in a primary school. Nevertheless, the importance of self-assessment is being highly analyzed there are few empirical researches which would show the real situation of how it works with students in the first grade. Also, it is proven that at this age children understands the world as a unified system, thus the subjects at school should be as much related as possible. When talking about self-assessment it is easier to try it in the context which is less difficult to understand. In this research we have integrated two lessons of arts and Lithuanian language. After completing the research we have noticed some significant changes in students’ perception of self-assessment. They mentioned that when they can assess themselves they can notice what was good in their work and where do they have to improve. The majority of students said that self-assessment is necessary for them and after the research they are going to assess themselves more often.
Educators and parents are constantly searching for new ways to develop children's literacy. Playing in a rich environment enables even the youngest children to explore literacy and develop their literacy skills. With the rapid development of technologies in book publishing, picturebooks are becoming an increasingly common element of such an environment. This article analyses how a picturebook can be used in the context of play-based pedagogy and linguistic diversity. The results of the study on reading a picturebook with children under 9 years of age are presented (N68). The research data demonstrated that reading a picturebook with a toy helped to raise interest and retain the attention of preschool children and primary school pupils, stimulated their linguistic activity, and helped to better understand the book; yet in some situations it had a negative effect on teacher-child interaction, distracted from the written work, and hindered the possibilities to develop active reading skills offered by the picturebook. Reading a picturebook with a toy could be seen as a means of individualising education when working with pre-schoolers or children with learning difficulties. The research shows that reading with a toy can both foster the interaction between the teacher and the learner and hinder it; so, the integrity of all the elements of the educational situation is important: the learner's capabilities, peculiarities of the picturebook and the toy, as well as the teacher's skillfulness.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.