Background: India has enormous potential of medicinal and herbal plants but the knowledge of herbs and its uses are not fully explored. Chlorophytum borivilianum (family: Lilliaceae) is one of highest valued medicinal plant found in the Indian forest. Traditionally it is used after delivery by the females in different composition in the form of “Laddoos". Objective: This study reviewed the nutritional and medicinal applications of Chlorophytum borivilianum properties with current status and future possibilities. Chlorophytum borivilianum is a well known tonic and an aphrodiasic drug extensively used in Ayurvedic medicines. The main source is from forest area, efforts are made for its cultivation to fulfill the growing demand. Methods: A detailed study was carried out by analyzing national and international scientific data base like pub med, SciFinder, Scopus and web of science, thesis and recognized books. Researcher itself cultivated Chlorophytum borivilianum in his farm during the period of 2000-2008. Result: Chlorophytum borivilianum roots are used for the preparation of nutritional tonic used in general sexual weakness. It has large and consistent demand in the national and international market. Pharmaceutical and therapeutic value of Chlorophytum borivilianum is due to specific constituent i.e. saponins of secondary metabolites presence. Recent studies of Chlorophytum borivilianum have identified a wide range of pharmacological application, most importantly aphrodisiac, immunemodulatory and anticancer activities [63]. Conclusion: Some of the barriers are observed like lack of research and development on high-yielding varieties, quality control and products and process development. The difficulties in marketing, unestablished local market for primary processed products, unskilled human power and equipments, knowhow latest technologies and market information are the major constrained observed in promotion of Chlorophytum borivilianum.
Introduction: Many environmental risk factors are associated with some form of chronic inflammation. The spread of COVID-19 across the world has impacted every one of us. The first case of coronavirus was reported on 30 January 2020 in India originating from China. Study Area: India has a tremendous capacity to deal with the coronavirus outbreak because of its high immunity and climatic conditions. Maintaining social distancing and hand washing is not a sufficient step for preventing COVID-19. Indian system of traditional medicine has a potential worth to enhance immunity, which can resist a novel coronavirus. Material & Methods: A detailed study was carried out by analyzing national and international scientific databases (PubMed, SciFinder, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science, Mendeley), thesis, and recognized books. Only Indian herbs with high immunity resistant power were analyzed. Epidemiologic studies with information on COVID-19 risk factors and precautions also considered for study purposes. Results: Some herbs like Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Liquorice), Curcuma domestica Vahl (Turmeric), Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy), Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), Cinnamon (Dalchini), Shoot of Triticumaestivum Linn. (Wheatgrass), Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh), can help in boosting immunity for COVID-19 disease. Discussion: Despite the shreds of evidence for the efficacy of these herbs in treating coronavirus induced infections; the proper dose with ideal timing for such interventions needs to verify in clinical trials. Researchers must have to take the privilege to explore the potential of herbs to reduce such epidemics of environmental threats.
Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem worldwide and differs from region to region. This study was planned to determine the incidence and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) in our region and discuss the general issues related to antimicrobial resistance.Methods: Prospective study was carried out between March to October 2015. Samples of urine, blood, pus, CSF and miscellaneous samples (fluids, swabs, sputum and stool) were collected from indoor and outdoor patients for isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae, E. coli and P. aeruginosa in the Department of Microbiology G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (MP).Results: Out of the 5000 samples analyzed 1684 showed growth. K. pneumoniae (38.50%), E. coli (33.29%) and P. aeruginosa (28.19%) constituited a total of 805 isolates. Both E.coli and K. pneumoniae showed highest sensitivity for doxycycline (75%; 67% resp.) and second highest for levofloxacin (70%; 64% resp.), whereas, P. aeruginosa showed highest 57% sensitivity for amikacin followed by 48% for levofloxacin. β-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides showed high mean resistance (K.pneumoniae-83%, E.coli-79%, P. aeruginosa-86.4%) and (K. pneumoniae-75%, E. coli-61%, P. aeruginosa-70%) resp.Conclusions: The data indicates high resistance among the gram-negative bacteria for β-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Increasing resistance to doxycycline and flouroquinolones for K. pneumoniae and E. coli and multidrug resistance to P. aeruginosa is a cause of concern in this region. Thus, there is a need to stop misuse of antibiotics with immediate effect and to implement a strong antimicrobial stewardship program.
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