The ethanolic extract of resinous sediment (EERS) of Etlingera elatior young inflorescence was examined for its anticancer effect and potential antioxidant activity. The anticancer effect of the EERS was evaluated on four human cancer cell lines, HCT 116, HT-29, Hela, and MCF-7, using the MTT assay. GC-MS analysis showed that the main components found in the EERS were nonyl cyclopropane (4.44%), 1-tetradecane (3.66%), cyclotetradecane (2.41%), cyclododecane (1.92%), and 1-decene (1.72%). The antioxidant activity was determined through different methods. High amounts of TPC and TFC in the EERS were found. Moderate antioxidant capacity of the EERS was detected by DPPH and ABTS assays, with EC 50 values of 44.19 and 56.61 μg/mL and a high FRAP value of 281.79 nmol Fe +2 equivalent/mg extract. In the MTT assay, the EERS showed potent anticancer activity, with IC 50 values of 19.82, 37.001, 50.49, and 53.29 μg/mL against HT-29, HCT 116, Hela, and MCF-7 tumour cell lines, respectively. Moreover, the results were comparable to or less potent than the standard reference drug, 5-fluorouracil. The results showed that the EERS of Etlingera elatior inflorescence contained a high amount of polyphenols and flavonoids, which may to the selective antiproliferative effects towards colon cancer in vitro.
Inflorescence of Musa species is one of the most commonly consumed vegetables in Southeast Asian region. In the present study, chemical composition and antioxidant potential of the ethanolic extract of inflorescence of Musa balbisiana Colla (MbCi) were evaluated. In addition, the extract was also subjected to cytotoxicity testing on a panel of human cancer cell lines. The ethanolic extract of inflorescence of Musa balbisiana Colla was evaluated for antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl assay (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The extract was chemically characterized for total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT cell viability assay. The extract showed moderate antioxidant activity in all the antioxidant assays. Chemically, the extract was found to possess high total phenolic (92.01 ± 0.40 μg gallic acid equivalent/mg extract) but low flavonoid (4.852 ± 0.04 μg quercetin equiv./mg extract) contents. In cell viability assay, MbCi extract showed selective cytotoxicity towards HT-29 cell line. Morphological observations show that MbCi has apoptosis inducing nature. GC-MS analysis has revealed the presence of 22 compounds, mainly belonging to steroids, fatty acids and long chain aliphatic compounds, which in part may be responsible for observed antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of ethanol extract. Our study revealed that MbCi has chemotherapeutic potential activity that warrants further investigation.
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