Purpose:of the research is to prove experimentally the skilled football players training process in the annual macrocycle on the basis of programming. Material:the skilled football players participated in a research (n=20, age 18-23 years). Control provided use of the following tests: 30 m run; shuttle run 7х50 m; long jump from the spot; Cooper's test. Results:programs of training microcycles were developed. In each program such components of the training were considered: value and orientation of loads; means (non-specific and specific); modes of coordination complexity of exercises performance; training time; time for renewal of competition form, theoretical and psychological preparation; load coefficient value; intensity of training load coefficient. Conclusions:Programming of training process has to be carried out on the basis of systemically structural approach: the development of programs of less structural formations has to be subordinated to the main structural formations. The structure of microcycles includes programs of trainings. Programs of stages consist of a series of training microcycles programs. The program of a training cycle unites all structural formations.
The purpose of the study was to experimentally substantiate the effectiveness of organization of structural arrangements of the training process in skilled football players within the limits of the competition period on the basis of programming. Material and methodology. 18 skilled football players of “Burevisnyk” student team took part in the research. The average age of participants was 19.8 ± 5.8 years and the qualification was category 1. The programme of the competition period of the skilled football players consisted of four blocks: the first one included the types and ratios of the training work, the second one included quantitative indexes of training sessions (non-specific, specific, comprehensive) and games (educational, control, official), and the third one included the ratio of means (general preparatory exercises, special preparatory exercises, developing exercises, competitive exercises) and training loads (aerobic, mixed aerobic and anaerobic, anaerobic alactic, anaerobic glycolytic loads), and the fourth one included preparedness criteria. Results. We have redistributed training loads of various orientation by taking into account the specifics of competitive loads in skilled football players. Thus, shares of loads of the aerobic and anaerobic glycolytic orientation at the formative stage of the experiment were increased by 53.6 and 3.0 %, respectively, and the loads of the mixed and anaerobic alactic orientation were decreased by 40.0 and 3.4 %, respectively. Positive dynamics of indexes of physical (1.2-2.2 %) and functional (5.4-6.7 %) preparedness and competitive activity (3.6-23.8 %) of skilled football players at the formative phase of the experiment in comparison to the ascertaining phase was evident. Conclusions. Theoretical and methodical aspects of programming of the training process may be conditioned upon the hierarchical structure, in which smaller programmatic structural arrangements are subordinate to the larger ones; the objectives with respect to the training programmes at every phase of the training macrocycle; general and special principles of athlete training; algorithmicity, i.e. step-by-step planning and correction of managerial influences; proper selection of training means and use of training loads with different focuses in the process of training cycles; use of informational criteria for control at every phase of the training process.
Публікація присвячена теоретичному дослідженню психологічних особливостей копінг-поведінки військовослужбовців Десантно-штурмових військ в процесі адаптації до військової служби. В статті проаналізовано поняття “копінг” з різних підходів та напрямків. Вміле застосування адаптивних стратегій копінг-поведінки військовослужбовців в залежності від ситуацій службово-бойової діяльності, дозволить полегшити процес адаптації до умов військової служби у Десантно-штурмових військ Збройних Сил України.
Relevance. Modern trends in the athletes’ training need to find new ways to improve the structure and content of different structural units of the training process. One of the most effective theoretical and methodological approaches in the athletes’ training is programming. The purpose is to launch structural units program of the training process and, on this basis, to increase the efficiency of qualified football players training in the annual macrocycle in terms of higher educational establishments. Results. Research was conducted in student football team. Age of players is 18–23 years old. Sports qualification – candidate masters, athletes of the first category. The study had been conducting during two years. In the first year, a confirmatory experiment was conducted, in the second – forming. Structural units programs of qualified football players training process were launched and experimentally grounded. On the basis of the main competitions calendar, the replayed training cycle of qualified football players was planned. The program of each cycle of the annual macro cycle consists of four blocks: the duration of the preparation, competitive periods and the transition phase; quantitative indicators of trainings; the ratio of training work means and training loads of different orientations; criteria of athletes’ preparation. Conclusions: it is established that the construction of the training process on the basis of structural units programming of the training process allows optimizing managerial influences at different stages of the annual macro cycles, depending on the three phases of the sports form of skillful football players.
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