Кандидат технических наук, доцент Кафедра процессов и оборудования перерабатывающих и пищевых производств им. проф. П. С. Берника Винницкий национальный аграрный университет ул. Солнечная, 3, г. Винница,
Дійкова гума -важлива частина доїль ного апарату, один з його ключових еле ментів. Це той єдиний компонент доїль ної установки, який має безпосередній контакт з поверхнею вимені корів. Поряд з цим, дійкова гума -це самий наван тажений компонент доїльного апарату. За час процесу доїння вона стискається і розтискається понад 400 разів. З метою максимального ефекту від використання дій кової гуми, необхідно правильно розра хувати умови її використання, своєчас но здійснювати контроль технічних па раметрів. Завдання дослідження полягає у встановленні змін технічних парамет рів дійкової гуми доїльних апаратів та їх впливу на експлуатаційні характеристи ки виробу. В ході досліджень встановлено, що працездатність всіх дійкових гум скла ла 1000 годин, що при напрацюванні в день восьми годин відповідає 125 дням або 4 місяцям експлуатації. При напрацюван ні в 1000 годин жорсткість дійкової гуми коливається в значних межах і в серед ньому становить:
This paper has substantiated the prospect of modeling the processes of separating grain mass into fractions as one of the tasks in the production of high-quality seed material. It has been determined that this could optimize the parameters of separation processes and design new working surfaces for its implementation. It is noted that modeling should take into consideration the influence of the structural and kinematic parameters of grain cleaning machines, the physical and mechanical properties of raw materials, the intralayer processes and forces. The reported theoretical study has improved the mechanical-mathematical model of grain mass separation in a pseudo-fluidized bed according to its density. The model establishes a relationship between the effective coefficient of dynamic viscosity and the density of particles in the discrete and continuous phases and the volumetric concentration of discrete phase particles. At the same time, the porosity of a fluidized bed has been accounted for, as well as the longitudinal and transverse angles of inclination of the base surface to the horizontal plane, the amplitude and frequency of oscillations of the particles of the continuous phase; the direction angle of oscillations relative to the perpendicular to the base surface. The adequacy of the improved mechanical-mathematical model has been confirmed by comparing the experimental and theoretical results of grain mass fractionation modeling. It was found that the differences in the density values of the separated fractions of GM did not exceed 7...8 %, that is, they were within the margin of error. It has been established that the improved model of grain mass separation in a fluidized bed could be used to determine the rational values for the parameters of a pneumatic sorting table that is used for the fractionation of the corresponding seed material. The initial data, in this case, are the density of the continuous and solid phases of grain mass, the friction coefficient of the seeds, and the equivalent radius of the particle. The result of modeling is the rational values of the amplitude and oscillation frequency of the working surface of the pneumatic sorting table, and the angles of inclination of the working surface
Improving modern dairy farming is based on the industry's development, which means transforming livestock farming into a competitive industry. The development of its technical and technological support is closely related to its functional ability to realize the genetic potential of biological objects of production with high-quality products, which is the defining criterion for the competitiveness of machinery and technology at the industry’s present stage of development. The purpose of the research was to study milk production technology based on a comprehensive assessment and implementation of modern milking equipment, maximizing animals’ genetic potential and industry efficiency. We proved that applying the ‘DeLaval’ milking parlor under the same feeding and keeping animals ensured the proper completeness of milking and increased cows’ milk yield. During the first, third, and highest lactations, the milk yield was 226 kg (P=0.05), 266 kg (P=0.05), and 214 kg (P=0.05), respectively. After-milking when applying ADM-8A averaged 175 ml, and only 45 ml when applying the ‘DeLaval’ parlor. When using the ‘DeLaval’ milking equipment, the milk production intensity of cows was 1.43 kg/min, and, with ADM-8A, it was 1.24 kg/min, which is 0.19 kg/min (P=0.001), or 15.3% higher.
This paper has substantiated the mechanical-mathematical modeling of the process of fractionation of grain material into fractions. It has been established that this could optimize the process parameters and would make it possible to design new or improve existing working surfaces of centrifugal separators. A mechanical-mathematical model of the pneumatic vibratory centrifugal separation of grain material by density has been improved. This research is based on the method of hydrodynamics of multiphase media. The improved mechanical-mathematical model takes into consideration the interaction between the discrete and continuous phases of grain material by introducing conditions of interaction at the interface of these phases. In the hydrodynamic modeling of the movement of the circular layer of seeds, the coefficient of dynamic viscosity of discrete and continuous phases was taken into consideration. It was established that the pneumatic vibratory centrifugal separation process parameters are critically affected by the circular frequency of rotation of the cylindrical working surface, the frequency and amplitude of its oscillations. As well as such process characteristics as the airflow rate, dynamic viscosity coefficient, the average thickness of a grain material layer, and the mean density of its particles. Rational values for the technical parameters of the grain material pneumatic vibratory centrifugal fractionation process in terms of density have been determined by using the improved mechanical-mathematical model. The amplitude and oscillation frequency of the working surface are in the ranges A=(35…50)·10–5 m, ω=15.0...15.6 rad/s. The circular rotation frequency of the working surface, ω=24...25 rad/s. The airflow rate, V=2 m/s. It was established that using the improved mechanical-mathematical model of fractionation makes it possible to improve the performance of a pneumatic vibratory centrifugal separator by 9 %. At the same time, the effectiveness of grain material separation could reach 100 %.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.