In the middle of the XIX century, the growth of capitalist relations in Russia sharply intensified, which brought to life new currents of social thought. The philosophical concepts of the revolutionary democrats became the basis of Russian medicine. The achievements of natural science in the fields of chemistry, physics, and biology had an exceptional impact on the development of medicine. But apart from these fundamental factors, the achievements of Russian medical thought in the first half of the last century were of undoubted importance for the progress of medical science in the 60s.
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