Objective. To study the results of laparoscopic heminephrureterectomy (LHNE), ureteropyelostomy (LUPS) and ureteroureterostomy (LUUS) in the laparoscopic treatments of megaurete of a duplex system in children. Methods. The records of patients (n=102) who underwent LHNE and LUPS (LUUS) were retrospectively analyzed (26 (25,5%) boys and 76(74,5%) girls). The age of patients was from 3 months to 17 years (median - 17.9 months). Megaureter of the upper pole was observed in 82 (80.4%) patients, of the lower pole - in 20 (19.6%). LHNE was performed in 68 patients (66.7%), LUPA (LUUA) - in 34 (33.3%). Results. Intraoperative complications occurred in 2 patients (2.0%), conversion was required in both cases. Median operative LHNE time was 146,0±46,2 minutes (median - 120 minutes); in LUPS(LUUS) - 160,1±44,7 minutes (median - 150 minutes). One patient after LUUA developed the urinary leakage due to stent obstruction and required nephrostomy (IIIb, Clavien-Dindo classification). The remote results were traced for a period from 10 months to 6 years.The patients after LHNE (n=15) (22.1%) had a significant decrease of kidney function (>5%), including one patient (1.5%) with a complete loss of the function. An inflammatory process after partial ureteral resection was observed in the stump , which required relaparoscopy in 3 children (6.5%). The ipsilateral ureter injury during the total ureterectomy in the lateral position occurred in 2 children (6.9%). Conclusion. LHNE and LUPA (LUUA) are considered to be the effective surgical methods of duplex system megaureter in children. The disadvantage of LHNE is the high risk of significant decrease of kidney function; LUPA (LUUA) are the safer methods. Total ureterectomy in the supine position of a patient can prevent the complications associated with the healthy ureter injury and leaving the ureteral stump. What this paper adds For the first time, it has been proven that laparoscopic heminephrectomy in comparison with laparoscopic ipsilateral ureteropyeloanastomosis or ureteroureteroanastomosis is considered to be an unsafe operation, since this can cause kidney failure. It has been established that total ureterectomy in the supine position of a patient can prevent the complications associated with the healthy ureter injury and leaving the ureteral stump.
Objective. To analyze the late complications after osteosynthesis of the acetabular fractures that led to reoperations; to determine the features of surgical intervention and the choice of the acetabular component during endoprosthetics in these patients. Methods. From 2009 to 2015, the results of endoprosthetics in patients (n=35) who underwent primary osteosynthesis of the acetabulum and subsequently hip arthroplasty were evaluated at the Orthopedic and Trauma Center of Kiev Regional Clinical Hospital. To assess damage volume, the Letournel-Judet classification was used. 5 years after the endoprosthetics to evaluate functional outcomes the the Harris Hip Scale (HHS) and radiographic method have been used. Results. The initial preoperative assessment in 35 patients using Harris Hip Scale showed results: 64 (58-71) Ме (LQ; UQ) points. A year after endoprosthetics when examining 33 (94.3%) patients the Harris scale improved the results to 81 (74-88) points (p<sub>0-1</sub><0.001). 5 years after arthroplasty the Harris scale was 85 (77-92) points (p<sub>0-5</sub><0.001). After 5 years in 31 (88.6%) patients a radiographic evaluation showed stable integration of the acetabular component without any signs of attenuation in 1-3 zones according to the De Lee and Charnley classification. Conclusion. The most effective way to treat the recent acetabular fractures with fragment displacement is considered to be the early osteosynthesis with anatomical reposition of fragments, which with the development of degenerative changes in the operated joint, makes it possible to perform endoprosthetics using a full-fledged bone mass for immersion of the acetabular component. Careful planning of the operation, preliminary removal of metal fixators, which can affect the placement of the acetabular component, as well as increase the risk of postoperative complications, allows achieving good results. What this paper adds For the first time the late complications after osteosynthesis of the acetabular fractures, which led to reoperations, have been analyzed; the features of surgical intervention and the choice of the acetabular component during endoprosthetics in such patients have been determined. The most effective method for treating recent acetabular fractures with fragment displacement has been studied in detail - early osteosynthesis with anatomical reposition of fragments, which, with the development of degenerative changes in the operated joint, makes possible to perform endoprosthetics using full bone mass for immersion of the acetabular component.
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