The features of the editing technology, possible defects of sheet metal and piece blanks of complex configuration are presented. The main schemes and designs of sheet‑straightening machines are considered, as well as the main directions of improvement of LSM designs and editing technologies are highlighted. The analysis of the process of roll straightening is presented taking into account the phenomena occurring in a metal undergoing alternating loading with decreasing amplitude (interaction of elastic and plastic deformation, Bauschinger effect, etc.). The parabolic dependence of the residual curvature on the yield strength is noted. The obtained data were used in the design of the roll straightening complex and the technology of straightening sheet blanks of complex configuration.
The technology of cross-screw reduction of tube billets with reverse correction is presented. The calculation of the change in the geometry of the workpiece with a change in the feed angle is carried out. It is shown that for small feeding angles the change in geometry is insignificant, which makes it possible to conduct reverse correction of the workpiece. The calculation of parameters of reverse grooving is carried out.
The technology of helical reduction with reverse correction is presented. The key difference of the technology is the change in the feed angle during the reduction process to the region of negative values, which allows reverse correction (reduction in the region of small feed angles) and remove the workpiece from the roll gap. This technology can be used to obtain axisymmetric billets of variable profile. The main parameters that determine the reverse correction process are the rotation speed of the rolls, the rate of change of the feed angle, as well as the dimensions of the rolls and the workpiece. When the feed angle changes (in particular during correction), the workpiece continues to move in the axial direction, which makes it necessary to evaluate the magnitude of this movement. In this work, an accurate calculation of the length of the reduced part of the workpiece with a change in the feed angle is carried out.
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