The results of the investigation of the peculiarities of the coping behavior and mechanisms of psychological protection of police officers at different stages of professional activity are presented in the article. The study involved 65 criminal police officers, who were divided into two groups depending on the length of service: the first group included 30 policemen of the initial professional training who were just accepted for a job in criminal police units, their length of service was 3 months (46.2%); the second group consisted of 35 officers of criminal police units with 5-15 years of service experience (53.8%). Research methods: theoretical methods involved the analysis and generalization of the provisions of social and psychological literature, classification; the empirical methods-psychodiagnostic test methods, including the questionnaire called "Professional Burnout", the questionnaire for coping strategies, the questionnaire of Life Style Index. The majority of the police officers of both groups were determined to have a low level of professional burnout. It was diagnosed that when solving complex problems, police officers use similar copings (problem-solving planning, self-control, search for social support, careful actions) and the same mechanisms of psychological defense against stress (rationalization, projection, and objection) at different stages of professional activity. A number of statistically significant correlations were found between occupational burnout rates and psychological defense mechanisms and copings.
The communicative component of the investigator’s professional activities is a dominant one, as it demonstrates the employee’s ability to organize work on the basis of professionally balanced communication with the objects of interaction. The stage of obtaining higher education in institutions with specific learning environment is a sensitive period for the development of the main sociogenic structures of personality and the development of professional identity of future professionals. This period is characterised by a purposeful mastering of the system of professional knowledge and skills, formation of a holistic view of the professional community, which results in awareness of professional readiness. The use of training technology in the training of investigators helps to increase the efficiency of the professional training process, based on the basic principles of personality-oriented education. The aim of our research is to study the process of formation of components of communicative competence in future investigators of prejudicial inquiry agencies with the help of training technologies. Appropriate psychodiagnostic tools were used to solve this purpose, which was tested during the training of specialists for prejudicial inquiry agencies. Most of the respondents stated the existence of satisfaction with participating in the training courses, awareness of the importance of its informativeness and practical orientation. Post-training testing emphasized the participants’ rethinking of the value of interpersonal relations; growing desire to help and show warmth and friendliness in relations with others; the expediency and effectiveness of the use of cooperation and compromise in resolving conflict situations within a professional and personal environment.
The results of the empirical research of aggressive behavior of the officers of the National Police have been presented. The objective of the research was to substantiate the psychological training as a method of psychological diagnosis of behavioral aggressiveness of police officers.In total, empirical studies covered 138 police officers aged 24-35 from different regions of Ukraine, where there were 57 women and 81 men who passed advanced training courses at Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs.To determine the testometric aggressiveness of the subjects, the authors have used two standardized questionnaires for the diagnosis of aggressiveness (P. Kovalov - Ye. Ilina and L. Pocheubut) and the projective method “Test of a hand” by E. Wagner. The authors have distinguished the indicators of testometric aggression of the officers of the National Police of different gender; have conducted their comparative analysis. It has been found out that police officers in general are characterized by a low level of personal and behavioral aggression. It has been found out that male police officers have a significantly higher level of physical aggression than females. Women, in turn, are more vulnerable to manifestations of verbal aggression than men. Analysis of the projective methodology for the diagnosis of aggression confirms the results of the questionnaires about the general low level of aggressiveness of police officers. It has been determined that police officers, regardless of gender, have intrinsic insensitivity to the influence of society, low sensitivity to the opinion of others, the reluctance to build symmetrical relations, which in the end points to an aggressive orientation within interpersonal interaction.The standardization of psychological training exercise “Chair” has been carried out in accordance with the scales reflecting strategies of denial, replacement, assistance seeking, aggression, regression and cooperation. The authors have carried out the assessment of the expressiveness of behavior according to the mentioned strategies at three levels: low, medium and high. It has been clarified that the use of aggressive and regressive behavior strategies and assistance seeking are the most typical for police officers.Comparison of the indicators of testometric and behavioral aggressiveness of the officers of the National Police has been conducted. It has been found out that none of the testometric indicators of aggression of police officers increases linearly in the case of comparison between the groups selected by the level of behavioral aggression. It points to the fact that the real behavioral aggressiveness is a polyderterministic, multifactorial phenomenon. The authors have determined two indicators of testometric aggressiveness of police officers, which differ in polar according to behavioral aggressiveness of groups – they are verbal and substantive aggression. Thus, these types of aggression serve as empirically verified testometric indicators of behavioral aggressiveness and can be used for its evaluation in the process of professional and psychological selection of candidates for service in police and in the psychological support of police officers.On the basis of the conducted research, the authors have concluded about the fundamental possibility of using psychological training as a mean of psychological diagnosis of aggressive behavior of police officers.
Презентовано результати теоретичного аналізу сучасних напрямків, підходів, способів, методів і прийомів опанування стресом. На підставі аналізу різних наукових підходів систематизовано методи розвитку здатності опано вувати стресом у правоохоронців, які навчаються у закладах вищої освіти зі специфічними умовами навчання, за трьома напрямками: профілактика, нейтралізація та корекція стресу й відновлення ресурсів організму. Презентовано низку тренінгів із формування й розвитку стресостійкості та ресурсозбереження у працівників поліції на етапі фахової підготовки. Ключові слова: стрес, стресостійкість, профілактика, опанування стресом, корекція, тренінг, працівники поліції.
The relevance of the study of the natural science training of future psychologists for the presence of neuroscientific knowledge in the content of education lies in the fact that neurosciences have penetrated all spheres of socionic areas of training and are a synergistic component for the humanitarian aspects of human psychology. The aim of our article is to investigate the content component of psychological education in the universities of Finland and Sweden in order to determine its relevance to the modern interdisciplinary humanities and natural sciences paradigm, in particular the application of neuroscience in the training of psychologists. It was found that the neurophysiological aspect of psychological education (in parallel with the environmental) at the universities of Finland and Sweden is implemented through the implementation of disciplines, focused on the study of the neurophysiological nature of higher nervous activity (compulsory disciplines) and mainly neurophysiological diagnostic and cognitively oriented selective disciplines. There is a difference in the approach to planning the training of future psychologists: in Finland, lists of variable disciplines are approved, in Sweden only compulsory subjects are regulated, and in the variable component students have full academic freedom. It has been established that higher psychological education in Sweden and Finland is fully consistent with the tendencies of today’s society, in which there is a "blurring" of boundaries between scientific fields and an orientation towards building a student's personal educational space.
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