Abstract. The work is devoted to the problems of solving the double problem of agricultural engineering (according to the international definition): "Feed the world and save the planet" using the ability to manage the environmental, energy and economic components of agricultural technologies. It was confirmed that the management process sets the conditions: to plan (program), execute, evaluate and continuously act on the creation and improvement of creative agricultural technologies based on the laws of the historical development of the planet's nature (biosphere laws). Based on these principles, an abstract-logical model of the interconnection of the "environment-agricultural technologies" system, as well as the methodology for a systematic approach to climate-smart agricultural production practices, which will conserve natural resources, while increasing agricultural production, is proposed. Goal of Research. To Improve the model of the relationship between the environment, agricultural technologies and engineering solutions, as well as the methodology of environmental and economic management of agricultural technologies based on climate-smart agricultural practices, with the display of accurate regulation of all its constituent parts, processes and procedures. Research methods. Methods of planning (programming) agricultural technologies or products in accordance with ISO recommendations; agrometeorological parameters, including vegetation indices, achieved by mathematical processing of remote sensing data (RSD) and modeling these parameters, according to the European Union project MARS (MCYFS - MARS Crop Grow Forecasting System); crop growth modeling system CGMS were used. Research results. The developed model of the relationship "environment- agricultural technologies" and the methodology of ecological and economic management the agricultural technologies provides for the implementation of a hierarchical multi-circuit process of modern nature management on a geo-community basis, displaying the precise regulation of all components: forecasting systems; systems of environmental management and defragmentation of technical and technological solutions to the conditions of environmental and economic optimization. Conclusions. The ecological and economic problems at the present stage of development of society in the production of agricultural products are considered. Possible ways of their solution have been determined on the example of an abstract-logical model of the relationship between the environment, agricultural technologies and engineering solutions, as well as the methodology of ecological and economic management of agricultural technologies.
Aim. Assessment of the impact of the most common systems of basic tillage and biological methods of optimization of nutrition regimes on the realization of the potential of grain productivity of soybean in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. The research used general scientific (hypothesis, experiment, observation) and special (field experiment, morphological analysis) methods Results. The analysis of the results of field experiments shows that the conservation system of soil cultivation, which provided the formation of 27.6 c/ha of grain, is preferable by the level of biological yield of soybean. The use of other systems caused a decrease in the biological yield level: up to 26.4 c/ha for the use of the traditional system, up to 25.3 c/ha for the use of mulching and up to 23.0 c/ha for the use of the mini-till. With the use of Groundfix, the average biological yield of soybean grain increases to 25.6 c / ha for application rates of 5 l/ha, and to 28.2 c/ha for application rates of 10 l/ha when control variants (without the use of the specified preparation) an average of 22.6 c/ha of grain was formed with fluctuations in soil tillage systems from 21.0 (mini-bodies) to 25.8 c/ha (traditional).The application of Groundfix (10 l/ha) reduced the seed abortion rate from 11.0% (average without biofertilizer variants) to 8.0%, forming the optimal number of stem nodes with beans, increasing the attachment height of the lower beans and improving other indicators of biological productivity soybeans. Conclusions. It has been found that the use of the canning tillage system generates an average of 27.6 cent soybean grains, which is the highest indicator among the main tillage systems within the scheme of our research. The use of Groundfix caused a change in this indicator: if the variants with a conservative system of basic tillage without the use of biological preparation (control) were formed on average 24.1 c/ha, the use of Ground Licks caused the increase of biological productivity up to 29.4 c/ha, and at a dose of 10 l/ha biological yield was 32.2 c/ha. It was found that both the use of Groundfix and the basic tillage system influenced the elements of the yield structure: the density of the plants at the time of harvest depended more on the tillage system than on the use of Groundfix; the use of Groundfix and increasing its dose within the scheme of our studies positively reflected on the density of standing plants; the height of attachment of the lower beans and reduced the abortion of the seeds.
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