The article presents the results of research on winter wheat seed treatment with microbial preparations as stimulators of plant growth and development, disease resistance, and nutrition optimization.
The aim of the work is to highlight the results of a field experiment on the effectiveness of the preparations "Pop up Plants Humate Potassium" and "Regoplant" in the cultivation of winter wheat. Methods. The field experiment was conducted in 2020/2021 on the lands of L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT (Kyiv agro-soil district of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe). Experience factors: factor A – tillage system (A1 – traditional, A2 – conservation, A3 – mulching, A4 – mini-till); Factor B – biological products "Potassium Humate + Regoplant" (B1 – control (without the use of preparations), B2 – the use of preparations for seed treatment and crop nutrition. When growing wheat, the traditional technology for the region was used, except for the elements of the experimental scheme. The effectiveness of the preparations was established by determining the biological yield of wheat and its structure compared to the control. Results. The use of humic preparations increased the weight of grain from the ear and the weight of 1000 seeds, which led to an increase in the biological yield of grain and the harvest index. The highest yield of wheat was observed in the traditional tillage system (A1), and the lowest – in the system of mini-till (A4). The largest increase in yield from the use of preparations (40 %) was observed in the version with a conservation tillage system (A2), and the smallest increase (20 %) – in the mulching tillage system version (A3). The experiment factors also influenced the growth of grain quality. In particular, the grain of the control variant contained 12.44 % of crude protein by weight of dry matter (seeds of the third class), and the grain of the experimental variant – 12.84 % of crude protein by weight of dry matter (seeds of the second class). There was also a decrease in the content of nitrogen-free extractive substances and crude ash. Conclusions. The use of "Pop up Plants Humate Potassium" and "Regoplant" had a positive effect on winter wheat yield and grain quality indicators. The average increase in the biological yield of winter wheat under different tillage systems was 30 % of the control. The superiority of the biological yield of winter wheat grain was noted in the variant with ploughing and biological fertilizers. The use of biological fertilizers also helped to improve grain quality indicators. Key words: Winter Wheat, Potassium Humate, Regoplant, Biological Yield, Tillage Systems.
The article presents the results of research on the use of alfalfa cultivar Zaykevych mineral fertilizer Lyubofos NPK (Ca, S) 4-12-12-(5-20) at different times and application rates. The purpose of the research. Recently in Ukraine little attention has been paid to fodder plants and alfalfa blue. In connection with the changing requirements for the fertilizer system and the emergence of new complex fertilizers in Ukraine, it was decided to investigate the impact of terms and rates scientific production center BNAU of application of mineral fertilizer Lyubofos on the productivity of green mass of alfalfa variety Zaykevych obliquely during the growing season. Research methods: field, laboratory, comparative, analysis, generalization, mathematical and statistical. Results. Comparing the data of average daily temperatures and precipitation, we can conclude that the duration of the growing season between mowings of alfalfa was greatly influenced by air temperature. The use of Lyubofos fertilizer has a positive effect on the yield of alfalfa green mass. As the doses of fertilizer increase, so does the yield. With the application of 200 kg/ha in the physical mass of Lyubofos, the increase compared to the control without fertilizers is 30 %, and the application of 400 kg/ha increases the yield by 67 %. It was found that early spring feeding of alfalfa plants Lyubofosis more effective than autumn. The best yield result is 119.4 t/ha or +225 % to control, for application in autumn and spring at 400 kg/ha f. m. Lyubofos, N32P96K96(Ca40, S160). Analysis of yield between mowing’s shows that alfalfa provides the highest yield of green mass in the first (36.5 %) and second (39.8 %) mowing’s and significantly lower in the third (23.7 %). Conclusions: According to three-year studies of alfalfa cultivation in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the best option for one-time use of Lyubofos mineral fertilizer is its spring application at the rate of 400 kg / ha, or N16P48K48 (Ca20, S80). This ensured a yield of 88.8 t / ha over the years of use. The survival of alfalfa plants during the study period increased by 47.1 % compared to the control. With separate use of Lyubofos fertilizer, the best option was to apply 400 kg / ha in autumn and spring, which amounted to N32P96K96(Ca40, S160). The survival of plants under control in this variant is the highest 47.2 %, and the yield in the amount for 2020-2021 was 119.4 t/ha. Keywords: alfalfa, mineral fertilizer, norms and terms of application, yield of green mass.
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