Hybrid solid polymer electrolyte films comprising of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), LiClO 4 , and propylene carbonate are prepared by solution casting technique by varying the salt concentration. In this study, PVAc/PMMA polymer blend ratio is fixed as 25:75 on the basis of conductivity and mechanical stability of the film. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared impedance, thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy studies are carried out for the polymer electrolytes. The maximum ionic conductivity is found to be 4.511×10 −4 S cm −1 at 303 K for the plasticized polymer electrolyte with 8 wt.% of LiClO 4 . The ionic conductivity is found to decrease with an increase of LiClO 4 concentration.

In the present work, a novel blend polymer electrolyte membrane using poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and lithium per chlorate (LiClO 4 ) in different compositions has been prepared by the solution-casting technique. Their chemical, structural characters, thermal behavior, surface morphology, and ionic conductivity were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric/ differential thermal analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, and AC impedance analyzer, respectively. A maximum ionic conductivity value of 1.67×10 −4 S/cm at 303 K is obtained for PVAc-PMMA-LiClO 4 complexes in the ratio of 25×75, keeping LiClO 4 constant as 10 wt.% among all the compositions studied.

Abstract:The aim of this research was to study the effect of local raw materials on the formulation of a base cream formulation and determine the optimum proportion of each material that gives the required properties. Physicochemical properties of cream formulations can be affected by their viscosity, spreadability, and particle size. The quality of the base cream is directly linked to the basic material used in the formulation. Screening of independent factors, namely oil phase (sesame oil, soybean oil, and liquid paraffin), aqueous phase (Aloe vera gel, propylene glycol, and glycerol), and surfactant (soy lecithin, tween, and soy lecithin/tween) was done to choose the best raw material required for the preparation of the base cream. Based on the screening criteria, sesame oil, Aloe vera gel, and soy lecithin were chosen as the best local raw materials. Using a multi-response optimization, the mixing fractions of sesame oil, Aloe vera gel, and soy lecithin were found to be 24%, 28%, and 10%, respectively. This base cream can be used as a suitable matrix for formulation in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

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