No abstract

The data obtained showed huge variation within the germplasm studied, confirming the fact that Oblačinska sour cherry is not a cultivar but a population.

-The objective of this work was to evaluate the biochemical composition of six berry types belonging to Fragaria, Rubus, Vaccinium and Ribes genus. Fruit samples were collected in triplicate (50 fruit each) from 18 different species or cultivars of the mentioned genera, during three years (2008 to 2010). Content of individual sugars, organic acids, flavonols, and phenolic acids were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, while total phenolics (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), by using spectrophotometry. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (CA) were performed to evaluate the differences in fruit biochemical profile. The highest contents of bioactive components were found in Ribes nigrum and in Fragaria vesca, Rubus plicatus, and Vaccinium myrtillus. PCA and CA were able to partially discriminate between berries on the basis of their biochemical composition. Individual and total sugars, myricetin, ellagic acid, TPC and TAC showed the highest impact on biochemical composition of the berry fruits. CA separated blackberry, raspberry, and blueberry as isolate groups, while classification of strawberry, black and red currant in a specific group has not occurred. There is a large variability both between and within the different types of berries. Metabolite fingerprinting of the evaluated berries showed unique biochemical profiles and specific combination of bioactive compound contents.Index terms: bioactive compounds, metabolite fingerprinting, multivariate analysis, nutraceuticals, small fruits. Classificação e diversidade de pequenas frutas quanto ao perfil bioquímico e capacidade antioxidanteResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição bioquímica de seis espécies de pequenas frutas dos gêneros Fragaria, Rubus, Vaccinium e Ribes. As amostras das frutas foram coletadas em triplicata (com 50 frutas cada) de 18 diferentes espécies ou cultivares dos gêneros mencionados, durante três anos (2008 a 2010). Os teores individuais de açúcares, ácidos orgânicos, flavonóis e ácidos fenólicos foram determinados por cromatografia líquida de alta performance (HPLC), e os fenóis totais (FT) e a capacidade antioxidante total (CAT), por meio de espectrofotometria. As análises de componente principal (ACP) e de agrupamento hierárquico (AH) foram utilizadas para avaliar as diferenças no perfil bioquímico das frutas. Os maiores teores de compostos bioativos foram encontrados em Ribes nigrum e em Fragaria vesca, Rubus plicatus e Vaccinium myrtillus. ACP e AH foram capazes de discriminar parcialmente as frutas com base em sua composição bioquímica. Os acúcares totais e individuais, a miricetina, o ácido elágico, FT e CAT foram os parâmetros que mais impactaram na avaliação da composição bioquímica das pequenas frutas. AH fez a separação de amora-preta, framboesa e mirtilo como grupos isolados, porém a classificação do morango, da groselha-preta e da groselha-vermelha, em um grupo específico, não ocorreu. Há grande variabilidade entre e dentro d...

No abstract

No abstract

Based on examination of 10 important pomologic and technologic properties, genetic divergence of 10 selected Oblacinska sour cherry clones was established. The genetic divergence between the analyzed clones was determined using the hierarchical cluster analysis. The UPGA method was used and the Euclidean distance in order to determine the difference between the groups. Four similar clone groups were obtained on the dendrogram. The objective of clone differentiation was primarily yield, although other properties were taken into account as well. As the most yielded clones for the production, that can be recommended, were clone D8 or clone D4 that are genetically very similar, and clone D3.

Thirty vineyard peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] genotypes were studied to determine the overall degree of polymorphism and to detect similarities among genotypes. The variation was observed for traits related to phenology, morphology, yield and fruit quality. Many fruit characteristics that are important to breeders are present in this collection. The majority of important correlations were determined between the characteristics representing fruit size (fruit width, fruit height, fruit weight and stone weight) and between those ones representing fruit quality (fruit attractiveness, taste, flavour and soluble solids content). Cluster and principal component analysis showed a considerable phenotypical diversity in the vineyard peach germplasm. Clustering of genotypes was in accordance with its purpose (fresh consumption or rootstocks production). Parameters with high discriminating values were those related to fruit size and fruit quality.

In this paper, during a 4-year period (2003-2006) effects of six pollenizers (President, Italian Prune, Stanley, Čačanska Rodna, Agen 707, and California Blue) on the degree of fruit set in the plum cultivar Čačanska Najbolja were examined. Besides the controlled pollination of this cultivar, open pollination was investigated. Functional pollen ability in pollenizer-cultivars was established by in vitro pollen germination. Degree of fruit set was determined comparing the number of fruit set (10 days after pollination, 21 days after pollination and number of harvested fruits) against the number of pollinated flowers. The results indicated that all pollenizer cultivars, studied in this paper, possessed satisfactory in vitro pollen germination (30.1-67.4%). The number of fruit set determined 10 days after pollination was very high and did not differ among pollenizers. Highly significant differences were found between the pollenizers in the number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and significant ones in relation to the number of harvested fruits. Compared to open pollination, higher number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and higher number of harvested fruits were obtained when cultivars Stanley (17.0%; 7.6%) and Italian Prune (14.6%; 6.9%) were used as pollenizers, therefore those cultivars are recommendable as good pollenizers for the cultivar Čačanska Najbolja.