Thai Hom Mali rice is an economic crop of Thailand and well-known as a premium rice in the world trade. In this research, Thai Hom Mali rice samples were collected from the paddy fields in the northern and northeastern regions of Thailand for verifying the authenticity of rice origin. Multi-element and stable isotopic compositions in rice samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), respectively. A radar plot was applied to discriminate the origin of rice. Thai Hom Mali Rice from both regions had similar pattern of isotopic composition. The two regions clearly displayed different distribution of elemental patterns. Therefore, Thai Hom Mali rice can be differentiated from each region using multi-element combined with a radar plot.
In Thailand, honey is used in a variety of commercial products that are distributed in domestic markets and abroad. As honey in Thailand comes from many locations, it is challenging to control the production quality of commercial products. The main problem commonly found in the honey industry is adulteration with undeclared added sugars. Identification of adulterated honey is crucial for authentication, which can increase consumer confidence on honey purity. In this study, 49 honey samples from beekeepers (natural) and 15 commercial honey producers were collected from different cities across Thailand. They were analysed for stable carbon isotope ratios (expressed as 13 C/ 12 C or δ 13 C and reported in relation to the international reference standard unit Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite, ‰ VPDB) using Elemental Analysis Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (EA-IRMS) for developing a δ 13 C database of natural honey and for checking the adulteration of honey. The δ 13 C values detected in 49 natural honey samples varied from −23.1‰ to −29.1‰ VPDB with an average of −26.8 AE 1.2‰ VPDB. According to the AOAC standard (No. 998.12, 2019), natural honey should have δ 13 C values lower than −23.5‰ VPDB, with an acceptable difference in δ 13 C values between honey and the protein extracted from honey up to 1‰. Compared to the standard guideline, 60% of commercial honey samples collected for this study (9 out of 15 samples) were found to contain undeclared added sugars.Keywords Authentication, carbon isotope ratio, elemental analyser coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry, honey adulteration, sugars.
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