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The recent progress in the development of Fe3O4 based electrodes for supercapacitors is summarized and discussed.

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Recently, two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) have received a notable amount of interests due to its fascinating properties and versatile potential applications. One such material is Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2), which has unique, superior functional properties including high current-carrying capacity and large carrier mobility which has drawn interest in many emerging fields. Especially, MoS2 quantum dots (QDs) are being fascinated for various applications such as electrocatalytic activity in hydrogen evolution reaction, sensing and bioimaging. In this review, we will take 2D TMD MoS2 QDs as a typical example and discuss its latest research advancement with emphasis on synthesis and applications.

Objective:To investigate the wound-healing potency of the ethanolic extract of the flowers of Hibiscus rosa sinensis.Materials and Methods:The wound-healing activity of H. rosa sinensis (5 and 10% w/w) on Wistar albino rats was studied using three different models viz., excision, incision and dead space wound. The parameters studied were breaking strength in incision model, granulation tissue dry weight, breaking strength and collagen content in dead space wound model, percentage of wound contraction and period of epithelization in excision wound model. The granulation tissue formed on days 4, 8, 12, and 16 (post-wound) was used to estimate total collagen, hexosamine, protein, DNA and uronic acid. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The extract increased cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site, as evidenced by increase in DNA, total protein and total collagen content of granulation tissues. The extract-treated wounds were found to heal much faster as indicated by improved rates of epithelialization and wound contraction. The extract of H. rosa sinensis significantly (P<0.001) increased the wound-breaking strength in the incision wound model compared to controls. The extract-treated wounds were found to epithelialize faster, and the rate of wound contraction was significantly (P<0.001) increased as compared to control wounds. Wet and dry granulation tissue weights in a dead space wound model increased significantly (P<0.001). There was a significant increase in wound closure rate, tensile strength, dry granuloma weight, wet granuloma weight and decrease in epithelization period in H. rosa sinensis-treated group as compared to control and standard drug-treated groups.Conclusion:The ethanolic extract of H. rosa sinensis had greater wound-healing activity than the nitrofurazone ointment.

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Using sonochemical method, BiPO4 nanocrystals were prepared at different pH conditions (pH-1, 3, 5, 7, 9 & 12) for the possible applications of pseudocapacitor electrodes. The prepared BiPO4 nanocrystals belong to monoclinic structure with P21 space group. The SEM image revealed that the particles changed from irregular coarse shape into rod like structure (pH-1 to 7) which finally collapsed into irregular aggregates (pH-9 to pH-12). The observed spot patterns from SAED inferred the polycrystalline nature of the material. The electrochemical performance of the synthesized BiPO4 in various ultrasound irradiation conditions such as irradiation time (30min, 1h, 2h and 3h) and ultrasonication power (40%, 50%, 60% and 70% of instrumental power) was studied. A maximum specific capacitance of 1052F/g (pH-7 at 2mV/s) was observed for the BiPO4 prepared in the ultrasonication reaction condition of 2h with 60% power. Also the obtained specific capacitance was high compared with the conventional precipitation method (623F/g at 2mV/s) that revealed the prominence of sonication method. Similarly, BiPO4 prepared at pH-7 delivered a maximum specific capacitance of 302F/g at 2mA/cm(2) calculated from galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) method than the other pH conditions. However, the cycling stability of BiPO4 (pH-7) was not appreciable even for 200 cycles. So, attempts were taken to enhance the cycling stability of the material by employing various carbon matrices such as acetylene black, activated carbon and MWCNT instead of carbon black during electrode preparation. BiPO4 material with activated carbon delivered good capacitance retention compared with other carbon matrices. This enhanced electrochemical performance of BiPO4 (pH-7) using activated carbon matrix inferred that it could be utilized as efficient negative electrode material for pseudocapacitors.

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