The present study was aimed to formulate and evaluate chitosan nanoparticles containing acyclovir as potential ophthalmic drug delivery system. The topical application of acyclovir as eye ointment remains a concern for effective management of various ocular viral diseases owing to poor ocular drug bioavailability. The acyclovir loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan. Differential scanning calorimetry and fourier transform infra red spectroscopy measurements were carried out on the prepared nanoparticles, pure acyclovir and chitosan polymer. Fifteen different formulations were prepared and evaluated for particle size, Zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, entrapment and loading capacity and in-vitro drug release profile. All the prepared formulations resulted in nano size in 377.9 to 720.6 nm and displayed spherical shape with zeta potential of +33.2 to +42.8 mV. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were 70.7% -90.9% and 25% -50.8% respectively. The acyclovir loaded chitosan nanoparticles displayed crystallinity than acyclovir. The invitro release profile of acyclovir from the nanoparticles showed a sustained release of the drug over a prolonged period of 24 hours and fit best with Higuchi model with zero order and non-Fickian diffusion was superior phenomenon. The in vivo results reveal that ocular viral infections can be inhibited by the nanoparticles more significantly than the drug in conventional dosage forms. No appreciable difference was observed during 90 days in which nanoparticles were stored at various temperatures. Thus the results suggest that acyclovir loaded chitosan nanoparticle suspension appears promising for effective management of ocular viral infections.
Four new, simple, sensitive and reproducible spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the estimation of cefditoren pivoxil in tablet dosage form. Method A involves the determination of cefditoren pivoxil by Standard absorbance method at 230nm and the Beer's concentration range was found to be 5-50 µg/mL. Method B and Method C involve the determination of cefditoren pivoxil by first derivative spectrophotometry and second derivative spectrophotometry respectively. The normal spectrum was derivatized to first and second order derivative spectrum and the linearity was found to lie within the Beer's range for cefditoren pivoxil. Method D involves the determination of cefditoren pivoxil by area under curve method and the linearity was established.
Ability to inhibit erythrocyte hemolysis is often used as a characteristic of the membrane stabilising action of chemical compounds. Azomethines of aryl oxazoles were evaluated for anti-inflammatory byin vitrohemolytic membrane stabilising study. The effect of inflammation condition was studied on erythrocyte exposed to hypotonic solution. In thisin vitromethod the membrane stabilising action leads to anti-inflammatory activity and was compared with that produced by diclofenac sodium as the reference standard. Results of the evaluation indicate that the synthesised compounds found to exhibit membrane stabilising activity.
In the present investigation, we have successfully grown optically transparent single crystals from aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique. The influence of dopant Pd 2+ on the growth process, crystalline properties of potassium acid phthalate (KAP) has been investigated. Powder XRD and ICP-OES studies confirmed the Pd 2+ ion doping into KAP crystals. The modes of vibration in the crystal lattice have been determined by FTIR analysis. Optical transmission studies were carried out by allowing the UV-NIR ray of wavelength between 190 and 1000 nm, which is to pass through the (010) face of the grown KAP crystals and the results confirm that both the pure and doped KAP single crystal shows good transparency in the entire visible region, which is suitable for optical device applications. TGA studies reveal that the purity of the sample and no decomposition is observed below the melting point. Microhardness studies reveal that the Pd 2+ doped crystals have higher hardness values than that of pristine KAP. Dielectric constant value of Pd 2+ doped KAP at 100 Hz was found to be extensively higher than that of pristine KAP. The Pd doping significantly improves the second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the KAP host crystal.
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