Purpose: the identification of features of the maximum oxygen consumption of women in the first period of mature age and connection with body structure component. Material: 22-35 years old women (n=210) have participated in a research. Results. It was determined that women with endomorphic and mesomorphic somatotype prevail according to the absolute measure VO2 max. They have large body weight and higher percentage content of the muscular component. The women with low body weight and low values of fat component prevail according to a relative measure VO2 max. Large body weight in women of endomorphic, endomorphic and mesomorphic somatotype stipulates low values of a relative measure VO2 max. It is indicated by the high degree of the return correlation between a relative measure VO2 max and body weight. Conclusions. The relative measure VO2 max is considered more informative as its dependence on body weight is leveled. The obtained data indicate the advantage according to a relative measure VO2 max of women with low body weight somatotype (ectomorphic and balanced). Such feature is explained by authentically low percentage content of the fat component in women.
Purpose: to identify the features of the impact of aquafitness training on aerobic and anaerobic productivity of women 25-35 years. Material and methods: The study involved women aged 25-35 in the number of 41 people. For 24 weeks, the subjects were training in an aquafitness program. Training sessions of aquafitness were aerobic and strength. Anaerobic alactate productivity of the organism was determined by the Wingate anaerobic test WAnT 10. Anaerobic lactate productivity of the organism was determined by the Wingate anaerobic test WAnT 30 and bicycle ergometric test by the method of A. Shogy, G. Cherebetin. The threshold of anaerobic metabolism was determined by bicycle ergometric test F. Conconi et al. in the modification of Yu.M. Furman. The aerobic productivity of the organism was investigated according to the Vo2 max index determined by the method of V.L. Karpman. Absolute and relative indicators were determined for all tests. Results: Aquafitness is an effective means of correcting the indicators of functional preparedness. The combination of strength and aerobic training in the aquafitness program provides an increase in aerobic productivity, anaerobic lactatic productivity and anaerobic alactatic productivity. Under the influence of training according to the aquafitness program, an increase in all indicators of functional preparedness was revealed. The power of anaerobic alactate productivity of the organism determined by the relative indicator WAnT 10 increased with a statistically significant difference on the level (t = 5.07; p = 0.000). The power of anaerobic lactate productivity of the organism determined by the relative indicator WAnT 30 increased with a statistically significant difference on the level (t=4,68; p=0,000). The power of aerobic productivity of the organism determined by the relative indicator VO2 max increased with a statistically significant difference on the level (t=2,77; p=0,007). Conclusions: Aquafitness is an effective means of correcting the indicators of functional preparedness. The combination of strength and aerobic training in the aquafitness program provides an increase in aerobic productivity, anaerobic lactatic productivity and anaerobic alactatic productivity.
Background and Study Aim. It is believed that the somatotype is a predictor of indicators of functional readiness. There are significant differences in the aerobic performance of the body for people of different somatotypes among students girls and men. Features of manifestation of anaerobic possibilities of an organism at persons of various somatotypes from 7 to 30 years old are described. We can assume that women of the first adulthood period of different somatotypes, indicators of functional readiness are manifested in different ways. The aim of the study was to identify the features of aerobic, anaerobic lactate and anaerobic alactate productivity of women of the first period of mature age of different somatotypes. Material and Methods. The study involved 210 females 25-35 years old. Somatotype was determined in all subjects. Functional readiness was determined by indicators of anaerobic lactatic productivity, anaerobic alactatic productivity and aerobic productivity of the organism. The power of aerobic energy supply processes was investigated by VO2max. To determine the VO2max used cycling ergometric version of the PWC 170 test. The subjects was performed a stepwise increasing load on the ergometer to determine the TAM. At the end of each stage, heart rate was recorded. The TAM level corresponded to the inflection point on the heart rate growth chart. The capacity of anaerobic lactate processes of energy supply was investigated by indicator of the maximum quantity of mechanical work for 1 minute (MQMK). The subjects performed a bicycle ergometric load duration 1 min with a power of 225 W with a maximum pedaling frequency. The power of anaerobic lactate processes of energy supply was determined by the Wingate anaerobic test WAnT 30. The power of anaerobic alactate processes of energy supply was determined by the test WAnT 10. Statistical processing was performed using the program STATISTICA 13. Results. According to absolute indicators (WAnT10. WAnT30. MQMK, TAM, VO2max) the advantage of representatives of endomorphic-mesomorphic somatotype was established. According to relative indicators of aerobic productivity (TAM, VO2max) representatives of the ectomorphic and balanced somatotype predominate. Conclusions. High values of absolute indicators of functional readiness are associated with high values of body mass in combination with a high percentage of muscle for women of different somatotypes. Accordingly, for representatives of somatotypes with lower body mass are characterized by lower absolute values of all indicators of functional fitness. The relative indicators of aerobic productivity are dominated by representatives of somatotypes, which are characterized by lower body mass.
to establish standards for the assessment of the aerobic and anaerobic productivity of the body of youth aged 17-19 years old of the Podilsk region. Material: The study involved students (n = 799-girls, n = 668-boys). All students study at Higher Education Institutions of Vinnytsia (Ukraine) and live within Podilsk region. Students belong to the main medical group and have not been engaged in sports for the last 5 years. Results: the criteria for evaluating the aerobic and anaerobic productivity of the organism of the youth of Podilsk region have been developed. The comparison of the individual values of students of Podilsk region with the standards of functional preparedness is carried out. The approaches to constructing an individual profile of students' functional readiness are determined. The profile visually distinguishes the sides of functional readiness, which require correction. Conclusions: Standards for functional readiness need to be updated. New standards should be developed on the basis of the average of the indicator obtained as a result of the survey of a large number of persons of a uniform contingent. The gradation of standards is set within the range of the mean square deviation.
Background and Study Aim. The level of functional preparedness of the population is influenced by many factors. The greatest influence is exerted by the economic condition of the country, climatic features of the region, food quality, environmental factor, social status of the population. Therefore, functional readiness standards should be updated periodically. For an objective assessment of functional readiness, all energy potential should be considered: aerobic, anaerobic lactatic and alactatic. Women of different somatotypes have significant differences in the degree of development of indicators of functional preparedness. Hypothesis. The models of functional preparedness developed by us for women of different somatotypes will clearly demonstrate significant differences in the level of preparedness in representatives of different somatotypes. The aim of the study is to develop standards of functional readiness for women aged 25-35 and models of functional preparedness for women of different somatotypes. Material and methods. The study involved women aged 25-35 years (n = 392). Somatotype was determined in all subjects. The power of aerobic energy supply processes was determined by the method of bicycle ergometry according to the PWC 170 test. The threshold of anaerobic metabolism was determined by the test with a stepwise increasing load. The capacity of anaerobic lactatic energy supply processes of muscular activity was determined by a bicycle ergometric 60-second test. The power of anaerobic lactatic and alactatic energy supply processes was determined by Wingate anaerobic tests WAnT 30 and WAnT 10. Standards of functional preparedness were developed according to the author's method based on the rule 3σ. Results. Functional preparedness standards have been developed for women aged 25-35 according to the full range of muscular energy supply regimes. Models of functional preparedness for women 25-35 years of different somatotypes have been developed. Conclusions. The developed standards are based on modern experimental data and consider all human energy potential (aerobic, anaerobic lactatic and anaerobic alactatic). Standards of functional preparedness cannot be universal for different countries and even different regions of large countries. Models of functional preparedness of women of different somatotypes show a significant difference from the standards set for women without somatotype. Somatotype should be considered when assessing indicators of functional preparedness.
Резюме. Резюме. Мета. Встановити стандарти оцінки функціональної підготовленості підлітків 11-12 років. Методи. Педагогічний експеримент із використанням велоергометрії, пульсометрії, сфігмоманометрії, хронометрії; методи математичної статистики. Досліджено показники аеробної й анаеробної продуктивності 1417 підлітків 11-12 років. Створено стандарти функціональної підготовленості на основі середніх арифметичних (-Х) та середніх квадратичних відхилень () показників максимального споживання кисню (. VO 2 max) і максимальної кількості зовнішньої механічної роботи за 10 с (ВАнТ 10), 30 с (ВАнТ 30), за 1 хв (МКЗР). Результати. Розроблено критерії функціональної підготовленості за рівнями: «середній»; «вище середнього»; «нижче середнього»; «високий»; «низький»; «дуже високий»; «дуже низький». За середній рівень взяли діапазон похибки середнього квадратичного відхилення від середнього арифметичного варіаційного ряду значень дослідженого нами контингенту (-Х ± ). На основі даних, отриманих експериментальним шляхом розробили критерії оцінки аеробної і анаеробної продуктивності дівчат і хлопців віком 11-12 років. Висновки. Стандарти функціональної підготовленості слід розробляти за середнім значенням показника, отриманого в результаті обстеження великої кількості осіб однорідного контингенту. Розроблені стандарти охоплюють увесь спектр функціональної підготовленості підлітків 11-12 років. Ключові слова: аеробна продуктивність, анаеробна продуктивність, стандарти, дівчата, хлопці. Estimating functional fitness of teenagers aged 11-12 years by indices of aerobic and anaerobic productivity
Purpose: substantiation and development of the structure and content of theoretical training of kayakers and canoeists at the stage of preliminary basic training and determining the effectiveness of classes using traditional and author's (interactive) means of theoretical training of athletes. Material and methods. In the second stage, an experiment was conducted to establish the effectiveness of traditional and interactive means of theoretical training. The study involved trainers-teachers, a total of 82 people. Among the respondents were 41 coaches of the highest category (21 of them - Honored Coach of Ukraine), 19 people - coaches of the first category, 22 people - coaches of the second category. In the second stage, an experiment was conducted to establish the effectiveness of traditional and interactive means of theoretical training. The experiment involved kayakers and canoeists aged 13-16, who were engaged in the stage of preliminary basic training. The total number of athletes was 42 people. Two experimental groups were formed, in the preparation of which different methods and means of theoretical training were used. Comparison of data obtained during the survey of trainers-teachers was tested for the normality of the distribution using the criterion of agreement χ2 Pearson. To determine the reliability of the differences between the indicators of the level of theoretical training of rowers before and after the pedagogical experiment, the criterion of signs (Signtest) was used. Results. Training sessions on the developed program with the use of author's interactive means of theoretical training contributed to a significant (p <0.05) increase in the overall level of theoretical training of rowers at the stage of preliminary basic training by 29.56%. At the same time, training sessions with the use of theoretical training provided by the state curriculum were less effective and contributed to increasing the overall level of theoretical training of young rowers by only 7.2% (p <0.05). Conclusions. Theoretical training is an important component in the system of training kayakers and canoeists. The use of interactive theoretical training tools using the game method (computer games) in the process of theoretical training significantly increases its effectiveness, in contrast to classes that used only traditional tools and methods (study of methodological literature, conversations, demonstration of posters, stands, educational films ). This innovative approach makes the process of theoretical training much more effective by providing a higher level of theoretical training of athletes.
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