Results of calibration of the PAMELA instrument at the CERN facilities are discussed. In September, 2003, the calibration of the Neutron Detector together with the Calorimeter was performed with the CERN beams of electrons and protons with energies of 20 – 180 GeV. The implementation of the Neutron Detector increases a rejection factor of hadrons from electrons about ten times. The results of calibration are in agreement with calculations.
The experimental data on the galactic cosmic ray fluxes obtained from the measurements in the atmosphere during the period 2008-2010 are presented. They include the unusual long-term period of the low solar activity. In 2009, we recorded the highest cosmic ray fluxes (particles with energy more than 0.2 GeV) in the history of the cosmic particle measurements. The reasons for the extremely low solar modulation of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) fluxes are briefly discussed.
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