The analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of additive technologies of computerized production suggests a new paradigm in its evolution - “Industry 4.0”. It is shown that the processes of additive production, in addition to analyzing the technology for obtaining a product, require the development of information technologies for their modeling. For layered manufacturing technologies, an algorithm is proposed for splitting the product into layers of different thickness, taking into account the angular cutting of their edges. The computer design of the formation of the layer and the subsequent assembly of products of complex geometry in an automated technological complex is considered. The design of the processes of sheet cutting and layer-by-layer assembly, with examples of the formation of products of complex geometry, is considered, taking into account the use of a 5-axis manipulator in an automated cutting complex.
The concept of creating electrical insulating ceramic materialsproducts from powder systems representing oxide and nonoxide chemical compounds was formed; a program document for materials science and technological logistics of physical and chemical transformation of technogenic mineral raw materials into electrical materials-products of various scientific, practical and specific technological purposes was created and implemented. The principal theoretical approach and its appliedpractical aspects of the development - research - creation of thermo- and chemically resistant structural electrical insulation materials - products for various scientific and practical purposes: automatic contact welding of tubular bimetals (for example, copper - aluminum), electron beam welding in vacuum of thickwalled large-sized structures made of high-strength aluminum alloys, high-temperature (1050 oC) hardening of drilling tools in vacuum furnaces in the medium of dissociated acetylene are considered, in electric transmissions of brake installations of quarry dump trucks (k/s) BelAZ.
It is shown that when machining products from materials with heterogeneous structure, possibilities of management of a condition of a blanket are significantly limited. As an example of management, cutting processing of products from materials with heterogeneous structure – turning of high-strength flame evaporated coverings is considered. Because for an amorphous component of heterogeneous coverings the lack of deformation hardening is peculiar considerable deformation of the cut-off material is observed at their processing and characteristic shaving is formed. Highintensity thermobaric impact on the processed heterogeneous material leads to partial crystallization in a thin blanket with the high content of an amorphous phase. As a result of researches the criterion which quantitatively estimates the statistics, which complexly characterize uniformity of structure of materials and dispersion of their properties, is offered. The criterion allows defining ability of materials to be exposed to cutting without carrying out long experiments.
A technology for manufacturing a steam turbine blade packet made of heat-resistant high-alloy hard-to-weld steel of a martensitic class is offered. The advantage of electron-beam welding use at the assembly of a blade packet instead of a common electric arc welding method in protective environment is described. A technological tooling specially designed essential for welding process automation is considered. There are shown results of laser scanning a blade packet geometry with the aid of NikonMetrology MCAx40+ coordinate measuring arm with the further computer analysis of results obtained in applied Focus software which has shown that thermal deformations are within the limits of a tolerance for the mentioned operation and exclude completely further processing.
The application of electron-beam welding at manufacturing a blade packet allows increasing assembly quality, decreasing defects and cost price of an engineering process.
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