Introduction: Chronic hyperglycemia as the main link in DM pathogenesis leads to systemic vessels and nerves lesion with chronic bone complications development consequently. The aim: To evaluate influence of hyperglycemia on reparative osteogenesis after perforated tibial fracture in rats. Materials and methods: A total of 30 white adult rats were subdivided into two groups: 15 healthy rats in Group 1 (control) and 15 rats with alloxan induced hyperglycemia in Group 2 (investigated) and were carried out of experiment on the 10th, 20th and 30th day after the fracture. Hyperglycemia in rats was verificated as the postprandial glycemic rate ≥ 8,0 mmol/l. Tibia diaphysis fracture was modeled by a cylindrical defect with a diameter of 2 mm with portable frezer. Morphological evaluation. A complex morphological studies included histological, morphometric and immunohistochemical examination. Results: This is confirmed by an increase in MMP-9 expression in connective tissue, a decrease in TGF-β expression in all phases, an increase in the expression of CD3 and CD20 and a marked decrease in the expression of all vascular markers. During hyperglycemia, incomplete blood supply to the tissues occurs, necrosis of bone and soft tissues develop in the area of the fracture, the reparative reaction slows down considerably and manifests itself in the development of fibrous and, less commonly, cartilage tissue. Conclusions: In hyperglycemia rats, there was a delay in the callus formation, a decrease in proliferation and ossification, and a slowdown in the processes of angiogenesis.
Ф ормирование опухолевых тромбов в просвете почечной и нижней полой вены (НПВ) представляет собой одну из особенностей почечно-клеточного рака. Данный феномен обнаруживают у 4-10% пациентов. Он до сих пор является предметом множества дискуссий как в клинической, так и в морфологической среде [1-3]. Фактически не изученными остаются иммуногистохимические характеристики этих опухолей и не сформулирована общая теория формирования внутривенозных неопластических тромбов. Считается, что способность почечно-клеточного рака к инвазии во многом определяется разрушением опухолью экстрацеллюлярного матрикса путем местной продукции желатиназных энзимов, в частности матриксных металлопротеиназ (ММР) [4,5]. Биологический потенциал этих ферментов-способность разрушать протеины экстрацеллюлярного матрикса, прежде всего коллаген IV типа, что обусловливает повышенную миграцию клеток, принимающих участие в ангиогенезе новообразований. Вместе с тем, усиление миграционной способности клеток связано не только с деструкцией базальных мембран и межклеточного матрикса, но и с изменением состояния гликопротеинов эндотелия, обладающих адгезивными свойствами, такого как маркер эндотелиальных клеток
To understand the infertility development it is important to study how individual components of the connective complexes of Sertoli's cells are formed and developed in order to allow not only individual cells, but also entire syncytia of germ cells to migrate from the basal to the adluminal compartment of the spermatic epithelium, without causing loss of permeability. Testicular tissue changes in azoospermia with an increase in the duration of the disease and the prognosis of the possibility of conception are of particular interest. The aim.To reveal changes in the testicular tissue on azoospermia with an increase in the duration of the disease. Materials and methods: to achieve the aim, a pathomorphological study was carried out. The material for the study was testicular biopsies of patients aged 26-45 years with a diagnosis of obstructive azoospermia (OA). The material was divided into three groups: group 1, control: healthy fertile men; group 2 (study group): men of mature age (26-45 y. o.) with a clinical diagnosis of OA up to 5 years of duration. Group 3 (study group): men of mature age (30-45 y. o.) with a clinical diagnosis of OA up to 10 years of duration.The preparations were studied macroscopically, microscopically, morphometrically and immunohistochemically. Results and discussion. Healthy spermatogenesis was typical for all
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