The results of preclinical studies of the new ferrodextran preparation “Ferosel T”, which contains ferrum and selenium, are presented. It has been established that at oral administration of ferrocellus T in a prophylactic dose of 2 ml/kg b.w. and the therapeutic dose of 4 ml/kg for 3 days in a row in the stomach of laboratory rats did not show toxic effects. No toxic effect of T ferrocellus is established at introducing it into the stomach in doses in 3 and 10 times higher than the therapeutic ones. Under conditions of subcutaneous administration of the drug, the death of white rats was not observed, only short-term inhibition of laboratory animals, which was prescribed the drug in a dose of 10 ml/kg b.w. It was established that in the preventive and optimal therapeutic doses the drug did not affect the detoxification function of the liver. In rats, which ferrocellus T was administered at maximum therapeutic and possibly toxic doses, the duration of hexenal sleep was for 32 and 35% higher relative to control values. The investigation of the emotional and behavioral reactions of laboratory animals after administration of ferrocellus T for 21 days in therapeutic and maximum therapeutic doses did not show a significant effect on the nervous system. In terms of hyperemia and swelling of the skin and the thickness of the skin, ferrocellus T in prophylactic and therapeutic doses upon application to rabbit skin did not cause local irritation. Separate injection of the drug “Ferosel T” by sub-planar way to guinea pigs in 0.1 ml. did not cause swollen reactions of the paws. As a result of the conducted research, no allergenic properties of the drug “Ferosel T” were found. In laboratory rats, which were introduced ferrosel T in the prophylactic dose of probable changes in the weight of the heart, liver, spleen and kidneys is not established. In rats, which were administered ferrocellus T in an optimal therapeutic dose, in comparison with control weights of the spleen and liver, respectively, was in 10.3 and 6.4% higher. When introducing ferrocellus T at the maximum therapeutic dose, the mass of the spleen and liver was in 14.0 and 15.0% higher, respectively. The results of the studies indicate that the drug “Ferosel T” is safe when used for the prevention and treatment of animals.
The purpose of the search was to investigate the influence of feed additive “Butaselmevit-plus” on the biochemical indices of piglets blood when weaned. The experiments were conducted on the basis of Ltd. “KOSHET” of Mukachevo district, Transcarpathian region. Two groups of pigs were formed – control (C) and experimental (E), in the number of 10 individuals in each group, selected on the basis of analogues – age, breed and body weight. In the suckling period, pigletss were kept under sows in special machines, had constant access to the mother, and from 5 days of age – free access to concentrated feed. The research material was blood collected in the morning by puncture of the cranial vena cava on the 20th day of life (period before weaning), on the 25th day of life (period before weaning), on the 30th day of life (2 days after weaning), for 35 days of life (7 days after weaning), for 40 days of life (12 days after weaning). Weaning of piglets from sows at 28 days of age leads to a slight decrease in total protein and increased activity of aminotransferases. Increased activity of ALAT and ASAT in pigs' serum after weaning from sows reflects the nonspecific response of the organism to the action of stress factors and indicates an increased release of enzymes into the extracellular space. Feeding of piglets with feed additives “Butaselmevit-plus” promotes to enhance the protein synthesizing function of the liver and reduce the activity of aminotransferases. The decrease in the activity of aminotransferases in the blood of piglets of the experimental group, indicates that the components of the feed additive counteract the influence of stress, and also contribute to the maintenance the integrity of cell membranes specific to these organ enzymes, which prevents their output from the cells.
Biogen elements that enter the water in large quantities are one of the main pollutants in the aquatic environment. They lead both to eutrophication of the reservoir and a decrease in the viability of young fish, acting as toxin. The energy enzyme activity (lactate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase), nitrogen (glutamate dehydrogenase) metabolism, dephosphorylation processes, and immune protection (by alkaline phosphatase activity) under the long-term action of ammonium nitrogen and phosphorus phosphates was studied. The biological object of research were 30–45 day common carp juveniles (Cyprinus carpio L.). According to our results, the peculiarities of the adaptive reactions of young carp to the action of these compounds have been established. We revealed, that under the loading of ammonium nitrogen, the activity of the processes of anaerobic digestion of energy-intensive complex increases directly in the organs of neutralization and excretion of nitrogenous compounds, namely in the gills. In general, the body of the carp due to these actions reduces the total energy consumption for maximum survival in these environmental conditions. We registered, that under the influence of elevated concentrations of phosphorus phosphates, oxidation of biogen elements to the body's energy needs in the presence of oxygen was observed. The processes of immune defense and dephosphorylation, for which LPh is responsible, also the detoxification, the excretion of nitrogenous substances from the body of carp (GDG) occurred differently depending on the chemical nature of the toxin. Thus, under the influence of ammonium nitrogen there was an increase in the activity of LPh in the highest concentrations of the toxin, and the activity of GDG decreased to reduce the production of ammonia, to avoid endogenous intoxication. Through these load of potassium monophosphate, the rise in the activity of immune defense processes and the involvement of ammonia in the cycle of tricarboxylic acids due to reamination to the energy supply of the processes of counteracting the weak but chronic toxic effects of orthophosphate ion. Under the load of ammonium chloride was observed not only the use of “traditional” energy substrates - glycogen and lipids, as well as proteins, which indicates the high toxicity of this compound for the body of young carp. Through the action of orthophosphate ion, the active use of lipids and even the activation of gluconeogenesis at maximum concentrations, as a reaction to weak long-term chemical stress.
The purpose of the work was to explore the indicators of functional state and function of protein synthesis of the cow liver within experimental fasciolysis, sensitized to atypical mycobacteria. Ten cows of black-and-white breed were selected for the experiments. Two groups consisting of five animals each were formed. The control group cows were clinically healthy. The animals of the experimental group were contaminated with mycobacteriosis and fascicular invasion. In the course of research, the rules for performing zootechnical experiments on the selection and maintenance of animal-analogues in the group, harvesting technology, use and accounting of consumed feed were followed. Being impacted by fascicular invasion, the cattle sensitized with mycobacteria demonstrated the suppression of the liver protein synthesis function, which manifests itself as a decrease in total blood protein, a decrease in the level of albumins and an increase in the level of globulins. According to the clinical manifestation of fasciolosis in the cattle sensitized with atypical mycobacteria, disease pathogens have a toxic effect on hepatocytes causing an increase in the permeability of the biological membranes of the cell membranes. The indicated changes lead to an increase in the activity of blood serum enzymes, in particular, aminotransferases (AsAT and AlAT) and alkaline phosphatase. High activity of AlAT and AsAT in the blood serum of the cows under experimental fasciolysis sensitized by atypical mycobacteria, indicates destructive processes in the liver that cause release of aminotransaminases from cellular organelles in the blood of the cattle. Thus, the results obtained indicate an increase in destructive processes in the body of the cows under experimental fascioliasis sensitized with atypical mycobacteria.
In the article presents the results of experimental studies on the pharmacological action of iron dextran preparations – ferrovet–7.5%, which in 1 ml dextran containing 75 mg of ferric iron, and ferosel–T, 1 ml of which, in addition to 75 mg of ferric iron, additionally contains 0.3 mg selenium (in the form of sodium selenite) the concentration of minerals in the blood serum of pigs for latent iron deficit anemia.Established that at 21 days postnatal period, in the whey of blood of piglings for latent iron deficit anemia, a level of Calcium was on 11.8%, and to Phosphorus – on to 8.4% lower. Reserves of iron in the indicated period of depot were fully used for hematopoietic and receipt of its mother's milk insufficient for optimal erytrotsytopoez because the concentration of iron in the blood serum of pigs did not satisfy his need for hematopoiesis.In the case of iron dextran preparations for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia pigs found an increase in Calcium, Phosphorus, Selenium and Iron. So on 21 days after birth for piglings, which entered ferrovet 7.5%, in the whey of blood the concentration of Calcium was increased on 30.0% (r < 0.01), to Phosphorus – on 15.6%, and which ferosel–T was entered accordingly increased on 33.4% (r < 0.01) and 19.3%.The concentration of Selenium and Iron in the blood serum of piglets research groups, which used ferrovet 7.5% and ferosel–T is likely to have increased since 7 day experiment. Shown that iron deficit anemia of piglings efficiency of application of preparation of ferosel–T with a medical and prophylactic purpose is higher, than to preparation of ferrovet–7.5 %, that predefined by the combined action of Iron and Selenium.
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