Подобраны условия для получения липосом из фосфатидилхолина (ФХ), содержащих a-липоевую кислоту (ЛК). Полученные ФХ липосомы, представляют собой частицы размером 175¸284 нм, характеризующиеся эффективностью включения субстанции равной 85% и медленным высвобождением ЛК из них. Установлено влияние как "пустых" липосом, так и липосомальной формы ЛК на агрегацию тромбоцитов (Тц) крови человека, индуцированную арахидоновой кислотой (АК). Обнаружено, что "пустые" липосомы на 30% уменьшают агрегацию Тц, вызванную АК, а липосомы с ЛК подавляют её на 80%. Определено содержание тиобарбитурат продуктов (ТБКП), в образцах плазмы крови человека, обогащенной тромбоцитами, инкубированными с липосомальной ЛК. При этом показано, что ЛК в составе липосом сохраняет свои антиоксидантные свойства и содержание продуктов окисления в исследуемых образцах плазмы крови человека, дозозависимо уменьшается при использовании в качестве индуктора агрегации Тц арахидоновой кислоты.Ключевые слова: липосомы, липоевая кислота, тромбоциты, арахидоновая кислота
During extraction of phospholipids from blood cells, a significant decrease in the amount of total lipids was found to the end of treatment of patients who received neurox or neipilept or their combination. The study of quantitative composition of phospholipids showed no significant changes in patients treated with neurox, while the use of citicoline or combination of citicoline with 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate resulted in the increase of their total mass. There were no significant changes in the qualitative composition of phospholipid classes in blood plasma in patients treated with neurox. In patients treated with neipilept or with the combination of citicoline with 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate, plasma phosphatidylcholine was significantly increased. No significant changes in the content of phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine and sphingomyelin were observed.
Optimal conditions were selected for obtaining the liposomal form with lipoic acid (LA) and carnosine. Using methods of active and passive loading, it was possible to achieve high efficiency inclusion of carnosine (60±5%) and lipoic acid (75±5%) in nanoparticles (NPs). It has been shown that the addition of sucrose or cholesterol (Chol) to nanodispersions (NDs) led to a slight decrease in the efficiency incorporation of carnosine in nanoparticles (45±5%). The production of PC-liposomes (PC-Ls) with LA and carnosine by passive loading led to a significant decrease in the efficiency inclusion of carnosine in liposomes (16%). At the same time, the efficiency of inclusion of LA in PC liposomes using methods of both passive and active loading practically did not change (58-69%). It has been found that the obtained nanodispersions are homogeneous system of nanoparticles with size of 175-250 nm. By transmission electron microscopy, it has been shown that LA+Carn. Liposomes represent a homogeneous system consisting mainly of spherical nanoparticles with a size of 120-200 nm. It is important to note that the obtained liposomes with LA and carnosine are stable during long-term storage (15 months) at + 4 ° and at room temperature. It was established that liposomes LA with Carn exhibit an antioxidant effect, leading to a 15-fold decrease in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products. The effect of the obtained liposomal forms on platelet aggregation caused by arachidonic acid has been revealed. It has been found, that liposomes with LA and carnosine reduce the degree of aggregation of platelets by 60-70%, relative to controls.
Based on the use of a new design of a capillary wave generator, a method is proposed for studying the human surfactant system for diagnosing patients suffering from pulmonary diseases, including after infection with COVID-19. The study of the surfactant system of the lungs (SSL) in a healthy organism and in pathology is one of the important tasks of modern pulmonology. The proposed method for monitoring human exhaled air condensate consists in applying a condensate sample to the surface of an aqueous solution, on which capillary waves are created due to the phenomenon of electrostriction, the change in the amplitude and phase of which makes it possible to determine the surface tension of the liquid and the parameters of the surfactant layer. To this end, we have developed a design and received a patent for the invention of a liquid parameter meter containing a liquid cuvette, a generator associated with a system for creating capillary waves on the liquid surface and a system for recording the characteristics of liquid vibrations. Improving the technology of the CCL control process is aimed at solving the problems of reducing the time of measuring the CCL and reducing the cost of the method.
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