Polyoxometalate (POM) chemistry is an important avenue of comprehensive chemical research, due to the broad chemical, topological and structural variations of multinuclear polyoxoanions that result in advanced functionality of their derivatives. the majority of compounds in the polyoxometalate kingdom are synthesized under laboratory conditions. However, Nature has its own labs with the conditions often unconceivable to the mankind. The striking example of such a unique environment is volcanic fumaroles-the natural factories of gas-transport synthesis. We herein report on the discovery of a novel class of complex polyoxocuprates grown in the hot active fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano at the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The cuboctahedral nanoclusters {[Mcu 12 o 8 ](AsO 4) 8 } are stabilized by the core Fe(III) or Ti(IV) cations residing in the unique cubic coordination. The nanoclusters are uniformly dispersed over the anion-and cation-deficient NaCl matrix. Our discovery might have promising implications for synthetic chemistry, indicating the possibility of preparation of complex polyoxocuprates by chemical vapor transport (CVT) techniques that emulate formation of minerals in high-temperature volcanic fumaroles. Polyoxometalates (POMs) constitute a large group of materials with discrete metal-anion clusters of various shapes and sizes 1-3. Traditionally, POMs were associated with d-block metals in high oxidation states (V 5+ , Nb 5+ , Ta 5+ , Mo 6+ and W 6+), but recent studies extended the field to other elements such as actinides 4 and noble metals 5. In 1990, Achim Müller and co-workers 6 introduced the term 'polyoxocuprates' (POCus) to identify clusters formed by polymerization of Cu coordination polyhedra, previously reported for synthetic inorganic compounds such as Ba 44 Cu 45 O 87 Cl 4 and Ba 88 Cu 88 O 175 Br 2
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