Рассмотрены вопросы эксплуатации судовых дизелей, отражены наиболее перспективные и экономически выгодные из них. Произведен анализ особенностей работы дизелей на тяжелом топливе. Предложены технические и технологические решения по использованию легких и тяжелых топлив в дизельных двигателях. Определены перспективные направления исследований систем.
At present there is synthesized a wide scale of tool synthetic materials and cutting ceramics. Basic regularities of a cutting process are insufficiently analyzed, the recommendations for their use are often too general and sometimes a contradictory have character. Some opinions widespread in technical literature contradict to industrial experience. In the paper there is carried out an investigation of hardened steel cutting by cutters having cutting ceramics with the use of modern physical methods such as a raster electronic microscopy and a microroentgenospectral analysis. The peculiarities of contact processes at hardened steel turning by the example of Ch12M hardened steel turning with plates of VOK-71 mineral ceramics are theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed.
A concept of wear mechanism is formulated, a topography of worn areas and physical chemical interactions of worked and tool material at cutting are in-vestigated. Ways to increase tool life are defined and conditions for hardened steel working are recommended. It is established that at hardened steel turning with cutters of cutting ceramics the physical-stress-strain properties of tool material impact greatly tool wear-resistance.
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