The morphology of the precentral gyrus is of particular interest because it is the origin of the pyramidal pathway responsible for voluntary movements. The aim of the study was to determine the width of the precentral gyrus, the thickness of the cerebral cortex in it and X-ray density of neurons in young boys and girls according to X-ray computed tomographic examination. Material and methods. 35 male and 37 female with mesocephalic sculls aged 18 to 20 years old with predominance of the right hand and no pathology of the nervous system organs in the anamnesis were examined. Results. The maximal value of the precentral gyrus width was found at the point located above the superior temporal gyrus. Values were lower (p < 0.01) at the point located at the level of the middle frontal gyrus. The smallest precentral gyrus width was found at a point above the cingulate gyrus (p < 0.01). When comparing the indices in each point, there is a tendency for them to be slightly more prevalent in the left hemisphere than in the right. There is a tendency to nonsignificant prevalence in boys compared to girls (p > 0.05). Parameters of cortical thickness in the precentral gyrus in the studied points did not differ statistically significantly, but there was a tendency to their insignificant predominance in the left hemisphere compared to the right, as well as in boys compared to girls (p > 0.05). Values of the X-ray neuron density in the compared points of the precentral gyrus in both hemispheres did not differ statistically significantly for boys and girls. Conclusions. The established results will serve as the initial data as a criterion of age-specific morphological norm in young mesocephals with predominance of the right hand, which is highly demanded in the personalized approach in medical practice. These results can also be used in prospective clinical and basic research.
Работа основана на результатах органометрического исследования мозолистого тела (каллозометрии) у 93 человек (49 мужчин и 44 женщин) с использованием МРТ. Был проведен сравнительный анализ длины, высоты, толщины валика и колена мозолистого тела, глубины его залегания (передней, верхней, задней). Выявлены закономерности возрастной изменчивости органометрических характеристик мозолистого тела, проявляющиеся в сокращении его линейных размеров у людей старческого возраста, в сравнении с представителями молодого возраста, и уменьшении глубины залегания. Результаты данного морфологического исследования могут послужить основой для выявления отдельных закономерностей возрастной анатомии головного мозга и имеют практическую значимость в качестве эквивалента анатомической нормы, что позволит использовать эти данные в диагностической и лечебной работе.
The work is based on the results of an organometric study of the corpus callosum (callosometry) among 93 people (49 men and 44 women) using the method of magnetic resonance imaging. A comparative analysing of the length, height, thickness of the roller and the knee of the corpus callosum, the depth of its occurrence (front, top, back) was carried out. The regularities of age variability of organometric characteristics of the corpus callosum, manifested in a decrease in its linear dimensions among old people in comparison with young people and a decrease in the depth of its occurrence. The results of this morphological study can be as a basis for identifying individual patterns of age-related anatomy of the brain and have practical importance as indicators of the norm, which will use these data in diagnostic and therapeutic work.
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