In Pakistan, Knemidocoptes pilae (scaly face mite) mite infestation is a frequently seen parasitic issue in budgerigars. This mite specifically causes extensive damage to featherless areas of cere and legs. This study was conducted to evaluate the topical efficacy of 1% ivermectin and 10% fipronil against two groups of Knemidocoptes pilae infested budgerigars. Fipronil and ivermectin spot on were topically administered on days 0, 7 and 14, on dorsal surface of neck in their respective group. It was concluded that ivermectin readily initiates the healing response after first application as compared to the fipronil and both drugs clear the Knemidocoptic infestation and lesions by 21 days following first treatment.

In birds, Eimeria species are commonly reported coccidian parasites that cause anorexia, debilitation, bloody diarrhea, mortalities and economical losses. This study was conducted on 30 clinical cases of common quails presented at Pet Centre, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, suffering from coccidiosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo comparative anti-coccidial efficacy of amprolium, garlic oil and ginger oil. Drinking water of affected birds was supplemented with amprolium (130 mg/1000 mL), garlic oil (150μL/100 mL) and ginger oil (150μL/100 mL) for 15 days and fecal sample screening for coccidia oocyst count was performed on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 15 using direct microscopy with fecal floatation method and McMaster chamber counting technique. Data was statistically analyzed which revealed that amprolium showed highest and rapid efficacy against coccidiosis with complete disappearance of oocysts and improved activity level with better health, increased feed intake and normal feces on day 11, followed by garlic oil that showed recovery from oocysts on day 15, whereas in ginger oil treated birds oocysts were present till the end of study. It was concluded that amprolium is highly effective against coccidiosis followed by garlic oil; on the other hand, ginger oil was not clinically effective for the treatment of coccidiosis in quails.

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The objective of present study was to optimize loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the diagnosis of Babesia felis in cats. LAMP primers were designed recognizing four sections of 18SribosomalRNA (18S rRNA) gene of B. felis. The blood samples of cats microscopically positive for Babesia felis were further used to extract deoxyribo neuclic acid (DNA) and the reaction mixture of 25 µL was standardized at 63°C temperature for 1 hour. LAMP assay provided more positive samples than conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of B. felis was also determined in cats using this optimized LAMP assay and it was found that the prevalence was more in younger cats as compare to adults. The application of LAMP can be helpful in rapid, reliable and cost effective diagnosis of B. felis in field.

W see images 1-10 in the web supplement at www.zoosprint.org Rehabilitation of recumbent large animals present a special problem for veterinarians. Once the animal becomes recumbent it develops bed sores due to unequal pressure on various areas. Fessler and Amstutz (1974) reported successful rehabilitation of a stallion having midshaft radial fracture which was immobilized with a combination of modified Thomas splint and plaster cast. They kept the stallion in a sling using a wider belly band. The present paper describes the rehabilitation methods adopted in two recumbent elephants.Case 1: A cow elephant with swollen right hind leg at thigh region was located in the Chandaka wildlife division, Orissa. She had difficulty in walking as evidenced by drag impressions of hind legs in the path of her movement. As the animal was in dense forest it was decided to

Dermatophytosis is a common fungal condition of skin having zoonotic importance. Unconventional use of antimycotics and persistence in environment due to improper disinfection often leads to resistance and treatment failure. The purpose of this study was to observe in-vitro efficacy of different antimycotics and disinfectants against Microsporum canis. Skin scraping samples from affected cats were cultured and purified. Conidia were harvested from cultured colonies and count of 1.0 x 106/mL was adjusted by hemocytometer. Harvested conidial suspensions were inoculated on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) with antimycotic disks and incubated, then inhibition zone diameters were measured. Same conidial suspensions were inoculated with each disinfectant separately on Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM) petri plates and colonies were enumerated after incubation. The data suggested that Itraconazole had maximum in-vitro effect followed by Miconazole, Clotrimazole and Ketoconazole, whereas Fluconazole demonstrated resistance. On the other hand, 5% phenol, 3% Hydrogen Peroxide, 1:10 sodium hypochlorite solutions were equally effective against M. canis spores.

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The present study compared the efficacy of autologous and homologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) as a surgical wound healing promoter in rabbits. Sixteen adult healthy rabbits were divided into two groups i.e. A and B. Group A was treated with autologous platelet rich plasma (APRP) and group B was treated with homologous platelet rich plasma (HPRP). Both groups were operated for skin grafting (auto grafting) at two (PRP treated experimental and control) sites. Clinical evaluation of PRP was performed by using macroscopic (edema, exudation, coloration, temperature, cosmetic appearance and healing status) and microscopic (acute inflammation, fibroblast proliferation and granulation tissue proliferation) parameters. The healing status, coloration and cosmetic appearance of APRP treated group were more satisfactory than HPRP treated group. APRP group also showed less inflammation, edema and more granular tissue proliferation as compare to HPRP group. It was concluded that autologous PRP is an efficient surgical wound healing promoter in rabbits.