Abstract:In ad hoc network where nodes both act as router and host, some protocols are implemented like DSDV (Destination Sequence Distance Vector). It is an extension of bellman-ford routing algorithms, which helps in communication between nodes in ad hoc networks. But the challenge lies with reliable communication between nodes. In this paper the DSDV performance analysis is done which also nullifies the looping problem faced by its previous version, that is, distance vector routing algorithms.
Background: Trypanosomiasis, an arthropod-borne blood protozoan disease commonly known as Surra, has an adverse influence on the health and working capability of infected animals. Monitoring and identification of blood-borne parasitic infections in dairy animals are of vital importance to get the optimum production. There was a lake of the scientific report of incidence of trypanosomiasis in buffalo in the northeast region. Methods: In the present study, a total of 100 buffalo was screened in the Deepor Beel area of Assam and 25 animals were suspected of trypanosomiasis based on clinical signs. The diagnosis was confirmed by microscopic examination and formol gel slide test which was further confirmed by PCR. The blood from twenty-one buffalo tested positive for the presence of Trypanosoma evansi was evaluated for clinico-haemato-biochemical alterations. Result: The outbreak in the affected animals exhibiting high fever (105±1.0°F), hyperemic mucosa of eyes, corneal opacity, incoordination of the hindquarter, wasting condition of body and death, was confirmed based on examination of Wright-Giemsa stained blood smears, formol gel slide test and by polymerase chain reaction by using T. evansi specific primers yielding species-specific 227 bp PCR product. The infected bovines showed marked anaemic tendency as revealed by a significant decrease in Hb, PCV, RBC, Lymphocytopenia and leukocytosis along with marked thrombocytopenia. There is a marked increase in BUN, creatinine and total bilirubin level while random blood sugar shows a decreased level.
The study was conducted during 2017-18 to examine the changes observed in cultivation practices of Sali rice after receiving Soil Health Card (SHC) and for identifying the problems faced by respondents in utilising the SHC recommendations in Darrang district, Assam. A sample of 150 respondents was selected randomly by proportional allocation to size. The result showed that 74.66 per cent of the respondent did not apply the fertilizers as per SHC recommendation. For examining average change in terms of fertilizer application pattern, area and productivity of Sali rice intended for before and after getting SHC, no significant changes have been observed using student’s t-test at 5% level of significance. Increased in area under Sali rice was not significantly higher than before SHC was distributed. The distribution of SHC didn’t bring any changes in cultivation practices of sali rice during 2017-18 at Darrang district.Thus; the study has suggested providing extension support to farmers. Credit linkage through Kisan Credit Card will be helpful in increasing the production of rice and then market linkage may be established. For getting the better result it is necessary to link all the schemes with each other instead of implementing each scheme independently.
Aims: The present study was undertaken to examine the utilisation pattern of Soil Health Card’s (SHC) recommendation by the farmers on sali rice cultivation in Assam.
Study Design: The numbers of respondents were selected by proportional allocation to size to make it 150 and the relevant data were cross-sectional.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. Respondents were selected from the Darrang district of Assam during the period 2017-18.
Methodology: Descriptive as well as inferential statistical tools were employed in order to attain the objective of the study. The data was analysed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Chi-square test.
Results: The result revealed that 56.67 per cent of the respondents were unable to read the content of SHC, and 82.00 per cent of the respondents did not understand the content of SHC. Moreover, 74.66 per cent of farmers did not apply fertilisers and other nutrients as per the SHC recommendation. The chi-square test showed that application of urea, Diammonium Phosphate, Singe Super Phosphate and Muriate of Potash had a higher association with increased age, education, landholding, and gross annual income of respondents.
Conclusion: The SHC scheme could not bring any positive changes to sali rice in the initial year at Darrang district. Thus, the study has suggested initiating the mass awareness campaign regularly using the concept of social marketing for judicious application of fertilisers and nutrients based on the SHC report. It is also necessary to provide technical backstopping to farmers on SHC recommendation and application to make agriculture productive, profitable, and sustainable.
Objectives:To propose an IoT-based design in an edge computing environment for short ranges and long ranges of real-time data streaming to the client. Methods: Multimedia data is used in this work. Here we have used Opnet for creating a physical architecture and to analyze the quality-of-service parameters like delay, throughput, and jitter for different Ad-hoc routing protocols like Ad-hoc on-Demand Distance vector routing, Dynamic source routing, Optimized Link State Routing, Temporally ordered routing algorithm and Geographic Routing Protocol for edge-based short length in edge computing devices for short ranges and long ranges. Riverbed academic modeler (formerly known as OPNET) has been used as a simulation tool to analyze the latency and bandwidth for edge computing under the pre-configured set-up. The simulation is accomplished using MATLAB to find the fluctuation of the delay, throughput, and jitter for edge-based short length in edge computing devices for short ranges and long ranges by applying the datasets in the edge computing environment. Findings: The results we got through simulations from different routing protocols like AODV, DSR, OLSR, TORA, and GRP of delay, throughput, and jitter shows that the proposed system strengthens the existing cloud-based system, leading to greater QoS.AODV surpasses all other protocols with a minimal delay of 0.24 msec and OLSR achieves the best performance with an average delay of 0.3 msec, better throughput of 180 bits/sec, and a load of 1410 bits/sec for the three key parameters of latency, throughput, and jitter. Novelty: The study compares the performance of different routing protocols and shows a reduction in the delay of 0.24 msec with respect to time as compared to other existing works. The proposed research is designed for a media streaming application based on the mobile nodes regarded as an edge devices for https://www.indjst.org/ different QoS parameters like throughput, delay, and load, and by comparing the existing work we found that AODV outperforms all other routing protocols with a minimum delay.
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