Aim. The article presents the international experience of introducing tax incentives for research and development in the business sector, the investigation of the possibility of assessing the effectiveness of tax incentives and their impact on
Keywords: research and development, tax incentives, results of intellectual activities
Literature Review 1.Tax incentives are one of the most effective indirect tools for stimulating business enterprises to conduct research and development (R&D) and use the results of their intellectual activities (RIA), which are widely used in the world today. Enterprises of the commercial sector of economy make their investment decisions primarily based on the goal of obtaining the maximum profit, including through minimization of costs of goods and services production. The combination of product quality growth and reduction of its production cost and as a result the reduction of its market price increases the competitiveness of an enterprise. R&D are the instrument for improving the quality of the product and reducing of its cost production. On the other hand conducting R&D always involves considerable financial costs for an enterprise. Tax incentives for the enterprises conducting R&D can be an effective form of indirect government support for these enterprises which reduces the cost of the production of high-tech products, and hence brings more profit to commercial enterprise.Tax incentives become more and more popular in Russia and other countries all over the world. This form of indirect government support is used in USA,
Aim. The aim of the study is to reveal the relationship between the level of effectiveness of national intellectual capital use and the level of national competitiveness and to detect if there is a difference in the character of the relationship in developed and developing countries. In the article the description of national intellectual capital and its components is presented. The character of the relationship between the indicators that reflect the level of intellectual capital development and the efficiency of its use and one of the macroeconomic indicators of national competitiveness -the national labor productivity, expressed in gross domestic product (GDP) per person employed, -is examined. Method. The analysis of the influence of country's intellectual capital and the efficiency of its use on the national competitiveness increase was performed by the method of correlation-regression analysis as the most suitable for this for this purpose. The study was conducted on a sample of 215 countries and their indicators on the basis of their assignment to the groups depending on income level. Results. The study has confirmed the dependence of the target indicator of country's labor productivity, expressed in GDP per person employed on the indicators of the efficiency of intellectual capital use. The belonging of a country to one or another income group does not affect the nature of the relationship between the level of national competitiveness and the level of indicators which characterize the efficiency of intellectual capital use. Conclusion. To develop an effective set of measures to improve the efficiency of national intellectual capital use it is advisable to consider not only the experience of countries which belong to the group of high income level, but also the experience of countries from other groups, for example, the experience of rapidly developing countries from upper middle and middle groups such as China,
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