To investigate the effect of dried Bacillus subtilis culture on growth, body composition and hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity, female broiler chicks were fed on either no additive (control) or dried B. subtil~s-cultur~supplemented commercial diets (215 g crude protein/kg, 12.85 MJ metabolizable energy/kg) at 10 or 20 g/kg diet for 28 d from 14 to 42 d of age. Body weight, and moisture, fat, protein and ash contents of the body were not influenced by the B. subtilis culture. Feed efficiency, N utilization, the ratio of abdominal fat or liver to body weight, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.2) activity, Liver and serum cholesterol contents were significantly lower in treatment groups, while fatty acid synthetase activity and serum cholesterol concentration were not significantly different, compared with the control group. Liver triacylglycerol concentration was decreased in chicks given 20 g culturelkg diet, while serum and carcass triacylglycerol concentrations were significantly lower in treatment groups than in the control group. Serum phospholipid concentration was increased but carcass phospholipid concentration was decreased in chicks given 20 g B. subtilislkg diet, while liver phospholipid concentration was not significantly influenced. The advantages of inclusion of B. subtilis to the broiler diet included improved feed efficiency, less abdominal fat, reduced triacylglycerol concentrations in the liver, serum and carcass and reduced cholesterol concentrations in the liver and carcass.

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The present study was conducted to evaluate effect of Sauropus androgynus extract (SAE) on egg production and lipid metabolism in layer chickens. Forty-eight layers aged 42 weeks (strain RIR) were distributed to 6 treatment groups as follows. One group was fed diet without SAE as the control (P 0 ), and other five groups were fed diet plus hot water-extracted SAE at level of 9 g/kg diet (W 9 ), diet plus ethanol extracted SAE at level of 0.9 g/kg diet (E 0.9 ), diet plus ethanol extracted SAE at level of 1.8 g/kg (E 1.8 ), diet plus methanol extracted SAE at level of 0.9 g/kg (M 0.9 ), and diet plus methanol extracted SAE at level of 1.8 g/kg (M 1.8 ). It was shown that SAE inclusion significantly increased egg production (p<0.05). Methanol-extracted SAE groups had lower egg production than ethanol-extracted SAE group (p<0.05). SAE supplemented groups had better feed conversion efficiency than the unsupplemented group (p<0.05). It was shown that ethanol extracted SAE resulted in the lowest feed conversion efficiency among the SAE supplemented groups (p<0.05). SAE supplementation significantly reduced abdominal fat, gizzard surrounded fat, liver fat (p<0.05), serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, VLDL+LDL-c (p<0.01), atherogenic index (p<0.05), egg cholesterol and triglyceride (p<0.05), but it had no effect on mesenteric fat, sartorial fat and fatty liver score. In conclusion, SAE supplementation could increase egg production but reduced egg cholesterol.

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