BACKGROUND: Brain injuries such as strokes cause damage and death of the neuron cells. Physiotherapy interventions help to improve patient’s performance and ability. However, this is only theorized but the impact of the physiotherapy intervention on brain plasticity is not known. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of physiotherapy interventions on brain neuroplasticity by evaluating the brain plasticity regeneration, balance and functional ability. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 64 stroke patients from three hospitals in the Surakarta region, Indonesia. Control groups (n = 32) received conventional physiotherapy and intervention groups (n = 32) received neurorestoration protocol, which both lasted for seven days. Efficacy of the interventions were measured on brain-derived neurotropic factor serum analysis, Berg Balance Scale and Barthel Index, respectively. RESULTS: Both groups showed improvements in all parameters but only balance and functional performance had a statistically significant outcome. CONCLUSION: Neurorestoration protocol that combined several established physiotherapy interventions was effective in improving balance and functional ability of stroke patients in only a seven days period.

Tindakan pencegahan penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue dilakukan dengan pengendalian terhadap vektor melalui pemberantasan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang dapat dikombinasikan dengan perilaku menguras, menutup dan mengubur (3M) sehingga akan menjadi lebih efektif dalam mencegah penyakit DBD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan keberadaan kontainer dengan perilaku 3M (menguras, mengubur, menutup) penghuni terhadap kejadian penyakit DBD.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Analitik dengan menggunakan studi Case Control dan dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tenggilis dengan besar sampel sebanyak 20 rumah penderita DBD tahun 2016 dan 20 rumah kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi binary logistic dengan derajat kesalahan (α) sebesar 0,05.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tenggilis adalah Sikap (p value : 0,013<0,05) dan Tindakan (p value : 0,027<0,05)  terkait 3M serta Keberadaan Kontainer (p value : 0,038<0,05). Sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue adalah Pengetahuan terkait 3M (p value : 0.376>0,05). Variabel yang paling mempengaruhi kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue adalah Sikap responden terkait 3M.Hendaknya masyarakat meningkatakan kepedulian terhadap kebersihan lingkungan dan kesadaran akan pentingnya menguras bak mandi secara rutin. Sedangkan bagi instansi Puskesmas dapat lebih sering memberikan edukasi dan informasi terkait penyakit demam berdarah dengue  kepada masyarakat. Kata kunci : DBD, Kontainer, 3M

The main purpose of this study was to investigate motor learning implementation for ischemic stroke from experts on the field of motor learning in stroke patients including the neurologist, medical rehabilitation specialists and physiotherapists. To collect the data and answer the research questions, statements were made on the basis of the study of literature and the grains exploration of the statements in the questionnaire using the Delphi Method. Formulation development model was based iteration or judgment of experts. Validation assessment statement grain tested by the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to analyze the data. The finding clear up that CVR value of each item statement was 1 and the value of CVI also 1. There were 6 indicators in a 26-point declaration on the implementation of the development model of motor learning intervention for ischemic stroke. Six indicators included basic theories that support the importance of intervention motor learning, motor learning stages, principles of motor learning, dosage, timing of and kinds of motor learning interventions that can be provided as well as application development intervention model motor learning, allowing given for ischemic stroke. In conclusion, based on the content validity of the results of the consensus expert judgments are six indicators of the importance of motor learning application for ischemic stroke. ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan model intervensi pembelajaran motorik untuk strok iskemik dengan cara mencari konsensus dari beberapa ahli, yaitu dokter spesialis saraf, dokter spesialis keterapian fisik dan fisioterapis. Pengumpulan data yang berupa butir-butir pernyataan dibuat atas dasar kajian pustaka terdahulu. Eksplorasi mengenai butir-butir pernyataan dalam kuesioner menggunakan Metode Delphi. Perumusan pengembangan model didasarkan penilaian dari para ahli. Validasi penilaian butir-butir pernyataan diuji dengan Content Validity Ratio (CVR) dan Content Validity Index (CVI). Nilai CVR masing-masing butir pernyataan adalah 1 dan nilai CVI juga 1. Terdapat 6 indikator dalam 26 butir pernyataan tentang pengembangan model intervensi penerapan pembelajaran motorik untuk strok iskemik. Enam indikator itu meliputi dasar teori yang mendukung tentang pentingnya intervensi pembelajaran motorik, tahapan pembelajaran motorik, prinsip-prinsip pembelajaran motorik, dosis, waktu pelaksanaan dan macam J Med Sci, Volume 49, No. 4, 2017 October: 199-215 200 intervensi pembelajaran motorik yang bisa diberikan. Dapat disimpulkan, berdasarkan validitas isi dari hasil konsensus penilaian para ahli terdapat 6 indikator pentingnya penerapan pembelajaran motorik untuk strok iskemik.

BACKGROUND: Early mobilisation (EM) after-ischemic stroke is a motor learning intervention aimed to restore nerve cells and to improve balance and functional ability. Unfortunately, the study of when this intervention began has not been widely studied. AIM: On this study was compared the effect of EM started at 24 hours and 48 hours after an ischemic stroke on balance and functional ability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trial involving 40 patients on 2 groups meeting predefined inclusion criteria. The levels of balance were measured using the Berg Balance Scale, and the functional ability was measured using the Barthel Index, at 5th and 7th day. RESULTS: A significant difference was observed in both balance (p = 0.038) and functional ability (p = 0.021) obtained on the 7th day of assessment between both groups. A significant difference on the 5th day was observed only in the functional ability (p = 0.002) and not in the balance (p = 0.147), between the groups. CONCLUSION: EM started at 24 hours after the ischemic stroke has been found to have a better impact on balance and functional ability compared to that at 48 hours.

Abstrak ___________________________________________________________________ Penelitian berjudul "Diskriminasi Terhadap Perempuan dalam Novel Sunyi di Dada Sumirah karya Artie Ahmad" bertujuan untuk mengetahui diskriminasi terhadap perempuan dalam novel tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan teori kritik sastra feminis dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya diskriminasi terhadap perempuan dalam novel Sunyi di Dada Sumirah yakni stereotip, marginalisasi, dan kekerasan. Abstract ___________________________________________________________________The study entitled "Women Discrimination in the Novel Sunyi di Dada Sumirah by Artie Ahmad" aims to find out women discrimination in the novel. In this study feminist literary criticism theory is used with qualitative research methods. The results of this study are the discovery of women discrimination in the novel Sunyi di Dada Sumirah namely stereotypes, marginalization, and violence.