The effect of montmorillonite (MMT) nano-clay as reinforcement in unsaturated polyester resin (UP) matrix composite was investigated under compression loading to explore the impact of MMT nano-clay wt% in the compressive behavior of UP-MMT nano-clay composite. UP-MMT nano-clay composite samples were prepared with a varied filler content of 0.5 to 3 wt% using dualmixing methods, which are mechanical stirring and ultrasonic agitation.Static uniaxial compression tests were conducted using cylindrical-shaped samples to obtain the compressive behavior of the UP-MMT nano-clay composites. The results of experimentation record a considerable improvement in compressive characteristics of UP-MMT nano-clay composites compared to pure UP matrix. The UP-MMT nano-clay composite samples were viewed under transmission electron microscope (TEM) to know the dispersion of MMT nano-clay in the composites. The nano-platelets were well dispersed and intercalated in the UP-MMT nano-clay composite samples below 1 wt% MMT nano-clay loading. The optimum wt% of MMT nano-clay in the UP-MMT nano-clay composite for improved compressive stress at yield and modulus were noted as 0.60 and 0.61 wt% respectively. Moreover, a mathematical model using Halpin-Tsai-Jumahat equations was utilized to predict the compressive properties of UP-MMT nano-clay composites, which are in closer agreement with the experimental results.
The purpose of this study is to study the effects of montmorillonite (MMT) nanofiller on the mechanical properties of glass fibre recyclates (rGF) reinforced unsaturated polyester (UP) composites. Alumina-silicates nanoclay such as MMT can improves the mechanical performance of polymeric composites. This study uses the mechanical recycling process to grind the GFRP waste into recyclates. MMT nanoclay was dispersed into UP using ultrasonicator. Different weight percentage of rGF at 25 wt.%, 30 wt.% and 40 wt.% were mixed in UP-MMT resin and formed into composites plate using compression moulding. Preliminary study shows that, the tensile strength of 25 wt.% raw rGF-UP composites was approximately 50% lower than of UP. Therefore, raw rGF was sieved into coarse and fine grade to improve the tensile properties of the composites. Compared to raw rGF, sieved rGF has better tensile strength due to better fibre distribution of rGF and uniformed fibre length. Coarse rGF composites which contain relatively larger aspect ratio (longer fibre length) have better tensile properties than fine rGF. The inclusion of MMT nanofiller in polyester resin enables the tensile strength of the composites to increase. For example, the tensile strength of 40 wt.% fine rGF-3 wt.% MMT hybrid composites is higher by 14% than the non-hybrid 40 wt.% fine rGF. Scanning electron microscopy shows good fibre/resin adhesion for MMT below 3 wt.%. While at 5 wt.% MMT, the UP resin becomes degraded and developed poor adhesion of resin to the recyclate fibres.
<p>Terak timah adalah hasil sampingan proses peleburan.Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji tingkah laku mampatan kolum konkrit polimer (PC) berisi terak timah yang dibalut dengan polimerdiperkuat fiber karbon (CFRP). Kajian ini dijalankan dengan tiga bilangan lapisan CFRP yang berlainan. Ciri-ciri mekanikal sampel seperti tekanan maksimum (<em>maximum stress</em>), ketegangan (<em>strain</em>) dan modulus keanjalan (<em>elasticity modulus</em>) ditentukan oleh ujian mampatan. Tekanan mampatan maksimummeningkat dengan ketara kepada 103% untuk PC yang tidak terkurung berbanding PC terkurung. Sementara itu untuk satu lapisan hingga dua lapisan hanya meningkat 14.9% dan kes yang sama untuk dua lapisan hingga tiga lapisan hanya mendapat peningkatan kira-kira 13.6%. Modulus mampatan meningkat kira-kira 26% hingga 39% untuk PC yang tidak terkurung berbanding satu lapisan PC terkurung. Modulus mampatan untuk PC yang satu lapisan, dua lapisan dan tiga lapisan hampir sama iaitu perbezaan tidak lebih daripada 10%. Nisbah pemanjangan bagi PC yang tidak terkurung berbanding dengan PC berkurung satu lapisan menunjukkan penurunan yang besar. Bilangan lapisan dua dan tiga menunjukkan penurunan nisbah kemuluran yang sedikit berbanding satu lapisan. Kekuatan satu-lapisan PC terkurung meningkat dengan ketara kira-kira 104.8% berbanding PC yang tidak terkurung. Sementara itu, untuk bilangan lapisan terkurung yang lebih dari satu hanya meningkat sedikit. Keberkesanan pengurungan meningkat sebanyak dua kali untuk satu lapisan PC terkurung berbanding PC yang tidak terkurung. Sementara itu, bilangan lapisan terkurung yang lebih dari satu, keberkesanan pengurungan hanya meningkat sedikit. Kesimpulannya, peningkatan jumlah lapisan terkurung lebih dari satu tidak memberikan perubahan yang signifikan terhadap sifat mekanik.Kata kunci: CFRP, konkrit polimer, pengurungan, sanga timah</p>
As a consequence of tropical climate featuring abundant rain and sunshine throughout the year, adhesive bonded joints undergo substantial exposure to moisture and elevated temperatures. It is known that the degradation of adhesive materials such as structural epoxy due to weathering could affect the overall bond performance of structural integrity of reinforced concrete such as carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) plate system. The objective of the study is to investigate the in-plane shear properties of structural epoxy material exposed to tropical environmental conditions using Arcan Test Method. The epoxy adhesive was casted in a closed metal mould to produce butterfly shaped specimens. The specimens were exposed to four conditions; laboratory, outdoor, plain water, and salt water. The specimens were tested for shear properties and failed in brittle form. Microstructure analysis was performed to study the fracture surface of the test specimens. The study showed that the tropical exposure conditions influenced the shear strength of the epoxy material, especially for those exposed to plain and salt water conditions, which were 32% lower than the control specimen for specimens exposed to plain water followed by salt water (26.6%), laboratory (25.4%) and finally outdoor (18.4%).
Fibre-reinforced polymers (FRPs) have been successfully applied to the strengthening of reinforced concrete structures and a similar methodology is adopted by researchers in order to strengthen timber structures using synthetic fibres such as carbon, glass or aramid fibres. This paper explores the viability of using fibres from botanical sources for the reinforcement of timber structures. In this study, two natural fibre materials, namely kenaf and ramie, in combination with a polymeric matrix, are tested for their tensile properties in accordance with ASTM D 4018-99. The results indicate that kenaf fibres exhibit average ultimate tensile strength value at rupture of 750 MPa and Young’s modulus of 58 GPa. The test results also show that the corresponding parameters for ramie fibres average at 810 MPa and 36 GPa respectively. These values are closer to those of timber as opposed to analogous values for carbon and glass fibres. The strength and elastic moduli compatibility of both kenaf and ramie fibres with timber and contrast with carbon and glass fibres is further discussed in relation to the viability of using these natural fibres as reinforcement for timber.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.