When taking these quality criteria into account, evidence-based interventions available on the internet can make an important contribution to improvement of the care of patients with mental disorders.
These quality criteria serve as a starting point for the establishment of a certification process. This could help to make internet-based self-management interventions for mental disorders part of routine care in the German healthcare system.
ZusammenfassungZahlreiche Selbstmanagement Interventionen haben in randomisierten Studien ihre Wirksamkeit in der Behandlung von einer Reihe von psychischen Störungen gezeigt. Dennoch sind diese Interventionen gegenwärtig noch nicht überall in der klinischen Routine angekommen. Das liegt unter anderem daran, dass neben den evidenzbasierten Interventionen auch Interventionen angeboten werden, die nie wissenschaftlich untersucht worden sind und teilweise noch nicht einmal auf evidenzbasierten Psychotherapiemethoden beruhen. Die vorliegenden Qualitätskriterien der beiden Fachgesellschaften DGPs und DGPPN sollen Betroffenen, Behandlern und Entscheidern im Gesundheitswesen helfen, sichere und wirksame Interventionen zu identifizieren. Im Mittelpunkt der Qualitätskriterien stehen die Sicherheit der Patienten und ihrer Daten; die Sicherstellung der therapeutischen Qualität durch Rückgriff auf evidenzbasierte Psychotherapiemethoden und Begleitung der Entwicklung durch approbierte Psychotherapeuten oder Fachärzte; das Vorliegen eines Wirksamkeitsnachweises aus mindestens einer randomisierten Studie; und die Transparenz bezüglich zentraler Informationen, z. B. der Kosten der Intervention. Wir hoffen, dass diese Kriterien dazu beitragen können, dass Selbstmanagement Interventionen in den Leistungskatalog der Krankenkassen aufgenommen werden.
OBJECTIVESAlthough schizophrenia affects both human genders, there are gender-dependent differences with respect to age of onset, clinical characteristics, course and prognosis of the disease.METHODSTo investigate sex-dependent differences in motor coordination and activity as well as in cognitive and social behavior, we repeatedly tested female (n = 14) and male (n = 12) Fisher rats (postnatal days, PD 56–174) that had received intracerebroventricular injections of kainic acid as well as female (n = 15) and male (n = 16) control animals. The hippocampus was examined histologically.RESULTSCompared to male controls, in the alcove test both female controls and female animals with prenatal intervention spent less time in a dark box before entering an unknown illuminated area. Again, animals that received prenatal injection (particularly females) made more perseveration errors in the T-maze alternation task compared to controls. Female rats exhibited a higher degree of activity than males, suggesting these effects to be sex-dependent. Finally, animals that received prenatal intervention maintained longer lasting social contacts. Histological analyses showed pyramidal cells in the hippocampal area CA3 (in both hemispheres) of control animals to be longer than those found in treated animals. Sex-dependent differences were found in the left hippocampi of control animals and animals after prenatal intervention.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate important differences between males and females in terms of weight gain, response to fear, working memory and social behavior. We also found sex-dependent differences in the lengths of hippocampal neurons. Further studies on larger sample sets with more detailed analyses of morphological changes are required to confirm our data.
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