ResumoAvaliou-se o efeito do balanço eletrolítico dietético (BED) sobre parâmetros ósseos e da cama de frangos. Foram utilizadas 960 aves de 7 a 21 dias e 816 aves de 22 a 38 dias de idade, no primeiro e segundo experimentos, respectivamente, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos, 200, 240, 280 e 320mEq/kg, e quatro repetições. A cama foi analisada quanto à umidade, pH, amônia volatilizada e densidade. O fêmur foi pesado e analisado quanto à densidade óssea, morfometria e índice peso/comprimento. O BED não afetou (P>0,05) o osso e nem o pH, amônia volatilizada e densidade das camas aos 21 dias, porém, houve efeito linear crescente (P<0,02) do BED sobre a umidade (Ŷ= 24,10 + 2,19X, R 2 =0,37). Não houve efeito (P>0,05) de tratamentos sobre o pH e a amônia volatilizada da cama aos 38 dias de idade. O teor de umidade (Ŷ = 35,01 + 3,30X, R 2 =0,29) e a densidade (Ŷ = 194,17 + 31,12X, R 2 =0,54) da cama aumentaram (P<0,03) quando o valor de BED ultrapassou 280mEq/kg. Concluiu-se que dietas com BED de 200mEq/kg podem ser utilizadas para frangos de corte sem prejuízos para os parâmetros ósseos e da cama de frango avaliados.Unitermos: densidade óssea, eletrólitos, equilíbrio ácido-base, frangos de corte AbstractEffect of the electrolyte balance in the ration on bone and poultry litter parameters. The effects of dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) on the femurs and litter of broilers were evaluated. Nine hundred and sixty birds from 7 to 21 days of age and eight hundred and sixteen birds from 22 to 38 days of age were used in the first and second experiments, respectively, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (DEB: 200, 240, 280 and 320mEq/kg) and four replicates. Poultry litter was analyzed for moisture, pH, volatilized ammonia and bulk. Femurs were weighed and analyzed for bone density, morphometry and weight/length index. DEB did not affect (P>0.05) the bones at 21 and 38 days or the pH, volatilized ammonia or bulk of litters at 21 days, but there was a linear effect (P<0.02) of DEB on moisture (Ŷ = 24.10 + 2.19X, R 2 =0.37). There was no effect (P>0.05) of the treatments on the pH or volatilized ammonia of litters at 38 days of age. However, the moisture (Ŷ =35.01 + 3.30X, R 2 =0.29) and bulk (Ŷ =194.17 + 31.12X, R 2 =0.54) of the litters increased (P<0.03) when the DEB value was higher than 280mEq/kg. It was concluded that diets with 200mEq/kg of DEB can be used for broilers with no negative effects on bone and poultry litter parameters.
RESUMO -Avaliou-se a substituição do sorgo pelo gérmen integral de milho em rações para frangos de corte. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro níveis de substituição do sorgo pelo gérmen integral de milho (0; 33,3; 66,7 e 100%) como concentrado energético em rações com ingredientes de origem vegetal (experimento 1) ou de origem animal (experimento 2), cada um com quatro repetições. Avaliaram-se o desempenho (ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar) e o rendimento de carcaça e de cortes, em peso absoluto, em porcentagem do peso vivo e em porcentagem do peso da carcaça depenada e eviscerada. Performance of broilers fed sorghum and full-fat corn germ mealABSTRACT -In this experiment, sorghum substitution with full-fat corn germ meal was evaluated in feed for broiler chickens. Two experiments were carried out in a randomized complete design with four levels of substitution of sorghum substitution with full-fat corn germ meal (0, 33.3, 66.7 and 100%) as energetic concentrate in diets produced exclusively with vegetable ingredients (experiment 1) or with ingredients of animal origin (experiment 2) with four replications each.Performance (weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion) were evaluated and the carcass and cuts yield, at absolute weight, expressed as percentage of live weight or eviscerated or plucked carcass. In experiment 1, a quadratic effect was observed for final weight and weight gain, that were best at the 21.03 and 21.8% levels of sorghum substitution with full-fat corn germ meal. In experiment 2, a quadratic effect was observed weight gain and feed conversion, that were best at the 35.02 and 15.75% levels of sorghum substitution with full-fat corn germ meal. Sorghum substitution with full-fat corn germ meal did not affect carcass yield or the yield for the cuts in experiment 1. In experiment 2, a quadratic effect was observed for carcass, breast and wing weight. Sorghum can be replaced by full-fat corn germ meal in feeds containing only plant ingredients from 21.03 to 21.68% and in feeds containing ingredients of animal origin from 15.75 to 35.02%.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of paprika and marigold extracts on the productivity of Japanese quails, quality and sensorial analysis of eggs. Japanese quails were allocated in a completely randomized design and factorial arrangement 2 × 2 + 1, and four replicates. Diets were formulated based on: 1) corn (control), and 2) sorghum (S) without pigments, 3) S + 0.06% paprika extract (PE), 4) S + 0.01% marigold extract (ME), and 5) S + 0.06% PE and 0.01% ME. There was no effect of the control and factorial interaction on feed intake, egg-laying rate, or egg mass; however, the feed: gain ratio was lower among quail fed with diets containing both extracts. The inclusion of PE and ME in the diets improved the feed: gain ratio and yolk color; the inclusion of PE reduced the feed intake and specific weight of the eggs. Compared to the control, treatments based on sorghum or sorghum + PE led to a difference in egg taste and yolk color in the sensorial visit the website to get the how analysis. It was concluded that paprika and marigold extracts could be included in quail diets because of improvements in feed: gain ratio and yolk color.
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