Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a particularly attractive material for bone and tooth implants since it does not only closely resemble human tooth and bone mineral but it has also biologically proven to be compatible with these tissues. The applications of pure HA are restricted to non load bearing implants due to the poor mechanical properties of HA. Biomaterials of synthetic HA are highly reliable but the synthesis of HA is often complicate and expensive. Bioceramics of naturally derived biological apatites are more economic. Aim of the present work is to introduce sheep teeth dentine HA material as an alternative source of bioactive biomaterials for grafting purposes. The work was started with such a way that extracted sheep teeth were cleaned. The teeth were calcinated at 850°C in air. It was seen that enamel matter was easily separated from dentine after calcination. The collected dentine parts were crushed and ball milled. The powder was pressed between hardened steel dies to produce samples suitable for compression and microhardness tests. The obtained powder compacts were sintered at different temperatures, specifically 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300°C in air. Results of microhardness and compression strength (along with the statistical analysis of these results) as well as those of SEM and XRD analyses are presented. In the literature, there is very little information about the mechanical properties of dentine and enamel matter derived from sheep, bovine and human. The highest compression strength value in the present study was measured around 146 MPa (from human dentine derived HA the highest value was almost 60 MPa after sintering at 1300°C). The best microhardness in the present study was found as nearly 125 HV. The results of this study showed that the HA material produced from sheep tooth dentine can be qualified as a promising source of HA needed to produce bioactive ceramics.
Orak hücreli anemi (OHA) ailesel kaynaklı hemoglobinopatidir. OHA ve osteomiyelit başlangıcına dair birçok radyografik bulgu vardır. Retrospektif olarak Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (KIBT) ile 10 hasta değerlendirildi. KIBT ile elde edilen DICOM verileri OHA hastalarında mandibular kemik yapıdaki değişimleri değerlendirmek üzere üçüncü bir yazılıma transfer edildi. Hastalarda kemik dansitesi, trabeküler kalınlık, trabeküler ayrılma, trabeküler sayı, fraktal boyut, kapalı por sayısı, kapalı por hacmi, kapalı por yüzeyi, kapalı porozite, açık por hacmi, açık porozite, por boşluğunun total hacmi ve total porozite gibi kriterler değerlendirildi. Ortalama fd değeri sağlikli bireylerden daha düşük bulundu. SCA hastaları ile sağlıklı bireylerin FD değerleri arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak bulundu (p<0,05). Aynı zamanda, trabeküler kalınlık sağlıklı bireylerden daha fazla bulundu (p<0,05). Bulgularımıza gore, SCA da FD azalması olduğunu gösterdi ancak daha geniş hasta grubunda çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. SUMMARYSickle cell anemia (SCA) is a familial hemoglobinopathy. There are several radiographic findings regarding both SCA and onset of osteomyelitis. Cone Beam CT examinations of 10 patients were evaluated retrospectively. The DICOM data from CBCT examinations were transferred to a 3rd party software in order to evaluate the mandibular bone changes in SCA patients. Following parameters were evaluated; Bone surface density, Trabecular thickness, Trabecular separation, Trabecular number, Fractal dimension, Number of closed pores, Volume of closed pores, Surface of closed pores, Closed porosity, Volume of open pore space, Open porosity, Total volume of pore space, Total porosity. The mean of FD values was found to significantly lower than healthy individuals. Statistical analysis of FD values barely reached to significance between SCA patients and the healthy individuals (p<0,05). It was also found that trabecular thickness was also significantly higher than healthy patients (p<0,05). Our findings revealed decreased FD with SCA, further studies should be done with larger groups in order to define optimal parameters for SCA patients in mandible.
Background:Dryness, fatigue, and pain are common clinical manifestations assessed by EULAR Sjogren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI)-Dryness, -Fatigue, -Pain scores in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). In addition, depression is also seen in these patients owing to the pattern of the chronic disease.Objectives:The aim of the study was to assess the complex interactions among Depression status, Illness Perception, and prominent clinical manifestations evaluated by the ESSPRI (Dryness, Fatigue, and Pain) in patients with pSS.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 111 patients with pSS (M/F: 5/106; mean age: 52.9 ± 12.01 years) were included. The data were collected by clinical examination and a questionnaire regarding patient reported outcome measures (PROMs). Unstimulated (U-WSFR) and stimulated (S-WSFR) whole saliva flow rates of patients were calculated as ml/min. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Illness Perception Questionnaire-R (IPQ-R) and EULAR Sjogren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index were filled by patients. Increases in HADS score and subgroup scores of ESSPRI (Dryness, Fatigue and Pain) and IPQ-R dimensions regarding Identity, Consequences, and Emotional reflected poor conditions for patients. In addition, patients scored their disease activity (0: inactive-100: the worst activity) by using 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). After preliminary analysis, a mediation analysis was used to evaluate the relations among these variables.Results:In the study, ESSPRI-Dryness score (6,27±2,79) was associated with U-WSFR (0,40±0,57) and S-WSFR (1,04±0,86),(r:-0,4 p=0.000; r:-0,3 p=0.004). Moreover, patients reported disease activity score (48,78±26,67) was related to U-WSFR (r: -0,3 p=0.026) as well as Consequence (19,12±5,47) and Emotional (19,54±7,02) scores of IPQ-R questionnaire (r: 0,3 p=0.035; r: 0,3 p=0.014).In IPQ-R questionnaire, Identity score (8,04±3,1) reflecting number of symptoms that patients experienced due to their illness was correlated with scores of ESSPRI-Fatigue (5,29±2,97), ESSPRI-Pain (5,18±3,01), HADS-Anxiety (11,67±5,55), HADS-Depression (9,2±4,98) in the study (p<0.05).In the mediation analysis, Identity score was directly mediated by ESSPRI-Fatigue score (p=0.0093) and indirectly mediated by HADS-Depression score (p=0.0011).A bootstrap analysis with 5000 replications was applied to estimate mediation effect to generate 95% CI. Percentile bootstrap of HADS-Depression was found to be an effective mediator for Identity score based on 5000 bootstrap sample.Conclusion:Both depression status and fatigue affected Identity score reflecting the number of symptoms poorly. Considering this complex relationship in disease activity assessment may positively affect disease outcomes.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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