Coffea canephora shows considerable variability for several agronomic traits, including nutritional efficiency. Beside the intrinsic nutritional efficiency of a genotype, the availability of water in the soil is another factor that can cause different responses, which suggests the possibility of selection of genotypes to enhance the nutritional efficiency under different scenarios, such as plantings in areas with low natural fertility or subjected to drought. We evaluated the genetic diversity of genotypes of C. canephora that compose the cultivar "BRS Ouro Preto", the first available clonal cultivar recommended for Rondonia State, based on parameters of nutritional status of the plants subjected to cultivation under conditions of abundant water supply or subjected to water deficit. To this end, the experiment was developed with two trials where the 15 genotypes of this cultivar were cultivated in a greenhouse, under conditions of abundant water supply or subjected to water deficit. The trials followed a completely randomized design, with four replications and the mineral status of the plants was evaluated based on the content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S of their green tissues. The genotypes ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 18 (2): gmr18300 L.C.T. Starling et al. 2presented high variability for these nutritional parameters, making it possible to identify distinct patterns and to group them according to their nutritional status. Variability was affected by drought, showing that the water supply can cause changes in patterns of nutritional status and affect the clustering of genotypes. The genotypic effect surpassed the environmental influence for most mineral parameters, resulting in a desirable scenario for a possible selection to enhance nutritional efficiency, for both irrigated and rainfed systems, within the group of genotypes that already present high yield in Rondonia state.
Submetido em 04/04/2014 e aprovado em 29/12/2015. 1 Este trabalho é parte dos resultados do trabalho de conclusão de curso do segundo autor 2 Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Departamento de Agronomia, Rolim de Moura, Rondônia, Brasil. jairorafaelmdias@hotmail.com; tyagoreinicke@gmail.com; elvinoferreira@yahoo.com.br; larystarling@gmail.com; fabioagronomo@yahoo.com.br; andersonbergamin@hotmail.com Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o desempenho do consórcio de milho com capim tifton na Amazônia sul ocidental. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelos monocultivos de milho e de capim tifton e por quatro épocas de transplantio de capim tifton nas entrelinhas de semeadura do milho (SM), sendo: simultâneo, aos 15, 30 e 45 dias após a SM. Para o milho, avaliaram-se: biomassa de 100 grãos, número de fileiras de grãos por espiga, produtividade de grãos, altura da planta e inserção da primeira espiga. A biomassa seca do capim tifton foi estimada a partir de dois cortes, com intervalo de 20 dias entre a primeira e a segunda coleta. Para avaliar a eficiência dos consórcios em relação aos monocultivos, utilizou-se o índice de equivalência de área. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste de Shapiro-Wilk (p < 0,05), a fim de aferir a normalidade dos dados, seguido pela análise de variância. Foram ajustados modelos de regressão para as épocas de implantação do capim tifton nas entrelinhas do milho, quando houve efeito significativo pelo teste F, a 5% de probabilidade. Utilizou-se o teste de Dunnet (p < 0,05) para as comparações entre o milho consorciado com tifton e os monocultivos (testemunha). O milho não sofre interferência quando consorciado com capim tifton. Entretanto, o tifton apresenta menor acúmulo de biomassa seca quando consorciado com o milho. O melhor desempenho do consórcio verificou-se na implantação simultânea do milho com capim tifton. Palavras-chave: Corn intercropped with tifton in south western AmazoniaThe objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of intercropped corn with tifton grass in South Western Amazonia. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of corn monocultures and tifton grass, and four transplantation periods of tifton between the corn sowing lines, as follows: simultaneously, at 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing corn. For corn, these were evaluated: biomass of 100 grains, number of kernel rows per ear, grain yield, plant height and insertion of the first spike. The dry biomass of tifton grass was estimated from two cuts with an interval of 20 days between the first and second collections. To evaluate the performance of intercrops compared to monocultures, we used the area equivalence ratio. The results were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) in order to assess the normality of the data, followed by analysis of variance. Regression models were adjusted for the perio...
We examined the effect of water availability on the nutritional balance of 15 genotypes of the clonal cultivar "Conilon BRS Ouro Preto" of Coffea canephora grown in two contrasting environments in terms of water availability. Biomass production and nutritional balance parameters, based on the deviance from the standard ratio among nutrients for the species, were estimated after 170 days of cultivation in these contrasting environments. The variability of responses among genotypes indicated a favorable for identifying diversity among these genotypes and for selection aiming to explore their nutritional parameters, especially for the concentration of phosphorus and magnesium in green tissues. Cultivation in the environments with low water supply caused losses up to 29% in the biomass production of the young plants (with most severe losses observed for the aerial part); the magnitude of these losses varied among genotypes. Genotypes 125 and 155 accumulated significantly higher amounts of biomass when compared to the others, regardless of the water supply. Overall, the nutritional indexes of the tested genotypes showed greater metabolic inflexibility towards water stress than what is reported for other cultivars of Robusta coffee.
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