The data of root anatomical structure and the formation of aerenchyma tissues of five varieties of tobacco under waterlogging stress were obtained by modified paraffin method. Each tobacco varieties performed distinct anatomical adaptation response, including changes of cortical tissue, stele diameter, xylem diameter and the formation of aerenchyma under periodic waterlogging stress.
Abstract. Recently, Euphorbiaceae have attracted much attention for their potential uses in biodiesel production. Their seeds have been well known as the principal resource for oil production. The seed-derived oil content ranged from 28 % to 39 % by dry weight for all Euphorbiaceae species. Meanwhile, their seed also possesses relatively high protein content, ranged from 22 % to 35 %, making them a new alternative for livestock animal feed resources. Nevertheless, the development of this new animal feed resource is limited to the toxicity of the seeds. Its toxicity is mainly caused by the presence of anti-nutrient agents and toxins, such as curcin, trypsin inhibitor and phorbol ester (PE). The later is known to be tetracyclic diterpenes, which represents the primary toxic substances in one of the Euphorbiaceae plants, Jatropha curcas L. To date, little is known about the biosynthesis of these toxic substances. This research aims to analyze the expression of JcGGPPS gene encoding the geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase involved in the production of the primary precursor for diterpenoid substances. In addition, the phylogram was presented to show the Euphorbiaceae Casbene Synthase (CS). The RT-PCR analysis showed that JcGGPPS is expressed both in seeds and leaves of J. curcas. Meanwhile, in silico analysis of six Euphorbiaceae species showed that CS from Euphorbia esula, Euphorbia resinifera, Euphorbia peplus and Euphorbia fischeriana are highly identical. In addition, CS from J. curcas derives from a different origin than other Euphorbiaceae plants.
Indonesia merupakan negara tropis dan agraris dengan biodiversitas tumbuhan terbesar kedua di dunia, setelah Brazil. Kondisi iklim tropis dan suburnya tanah menjadikan wilayah Indonesia sebagai salah satu Kawasan pertanian yang diperhitungkan di wilayah asia tenggara. Salah satu sentra agribisnis di Jawa Timur adalah kota Batu, Malang. Kota ini dikenal sebagai Kawasan Agropolitan dengan tanaman hortikultura sebagai komoditas unggulan. Industri pertanian dan perkebunan di wilayah tersebut berhasil menopang ekonomi masyarakat sekitar. Namun demikian, permasalahan limbah pertanian organik sebagai produk samping dari pengembangan industri pertanian di kota Batu menjadi hal yang harus diperhatikan bersama. Salah satu alternatif pengelolaan limbah atau sampah organik tersebut adalah pengembangan eco-enzyme. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa pembuatan sabun antiseptic berbasis eco-enzyme. Sabun antiseptic ini mengambil nama Mizella yang berasal dari kata Mizu dan Ella. Mizu dalam Bahasa Jepang berarti Air dan Ella dalam Bahasa Prancis berarti kecantikan dan keindahan. Berdasarkan hasil survei didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut, sebanyak 80% responden menyatakan aroma, busa, kelembapan, kesegaran, pada sabun organik sudah sangat baik, sebanyak 73.3% responden menyatakan warna, penampilan, busa pada sabun organik Eco-Enzyme sudah sangat baik, sebanyak 76.7% responden menyatakan kualitas pembersihan dan kekesatan pada sabun organik Eco-Enzyme sudah sangat baik, sebanyak 83.3% responden menyatakan kehalusan pada sabun organik Eco-Enzyme sudah sangat baik.
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