The purpose of the study reported here was to evaluate the haemostatic function in calves with suspected septic shock and to reflect the occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Twenty-six calves suspected of having septic shock (experimental group) and 10 clinically healthy calves (control group) were used. On admission, the experimental group of calves had been ill for an average of 2 days. Therapy was applied to the experimental group of calves. The packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) and platelet (PLT) counts were determined. Blood smears for toxic neutrophil and schistocyte intensity were evaluated. For the coagulation profile, plasma activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs) values were determined. Toxic neutrophils in blood smears were observed in 12 calves of the experimental group. APTT was prolonged in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Fibrinogen concentration was found to be higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.001). Total leukocyte counts were higher in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Platelet counts in the experimental group were lower than the control group (p < 0.001). However, when the individual values of coagulation profiles of each calf were evaluated, 8 calves had at least three abnormal coagulation profiles (APTT >72 s, PT >34.5 s, TT >33.7 s, FDPs >5 microg/ml, PLT < or = 150 x 10(3)/mm(3)) and abnormal erythrocyte morphology (schistocytes > or = 1). The most common abnormal tests in the coagulation profile were APTT and PT (7 cases), FDPs (6 cases), thrombocytopenia (4 cases), and schistocytes in blood smears (8 cases) in these 8 calves. The results of this study indicate that DIC might be a significant risk factor for mortality in calves with suspected septic shock.

No abstract

RESuMENEn el presente estudio se investigaron los efectos de la paratuberculosis subclínica en las concentraciones séricas de betacaroteno y retinol en ganado lechero. Se utilizaron 30 vacas lecheras multíparas y no vacunadas de raza Holstein, de 3 a 9 años de edad. 15 de las 30 vacas fueron diagnosticadas subclínicamente positivas a paratuberculosis mediante PCR (grupo 1). Las 15 vacas restantes fueron clasificadas como grupo control (grupo 2) que estaba sano. Los niveles de retinol y de betacaroteno del suero fueron analizados por análisis colorimétrico en todas las muestras. No hubo diferencias con respecto a las concentraciones de retinol y de betacaroteno de suero entre los grupos.

Abstract. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of sodium borate on the concentrations of serum calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) in dairy cattle in the peripartum period. In the study, 14 healthy Holstein cows in the periparturient period (four weeks before and three weeks after calving) were divided into two equal groups according to oral treatments with sodium borate (30 g/day, group B), while some cows from the group were not treated (group C). Blood samples were obtained weekly from the prepartum 4 weeks until postpartum 3 weeks. At calving, changes were observed for the concentrations of the serum Ca, Mg and P in B and C groups. Ca (p>0.05) and Mg (p<0.001) concentrations were higher in group B than group C at calving. During the postpartum periods serum Ca and Mg concentrations increased (p<0.05) in group B compared to group C. Serum P concentrations were not affected by boron. The results suggest that sodium borate may be useful for sustaining metabolic balance and perhaps in preventing metabolic disorders such as milk fever and hypomagnesemia in dairy cattle during the periparturient period.

In the present study, effects of enrofloxacin on biochemical, haematological and blood gas parameters were investigated. Changes in laboratory parameters were monitored during the treatment period. Enrofloxacin was administered (5 mg/kg intramuscularly, once daily) to 10 healthy dogs for 14 days. Acidosis and temporary increases in aspartate aminotransferase, indirect bilirubin, sodium, partial pressure of CO2 and mean corpuscular volume levels as well as decreased levels of inorganic phosphorus, ionized calcium, potassium, partial pressure of O2 and standard bicarbonate were observed. The results of this study suggest that these observed effects of enrofloxacin on blood gas parameters should be taken into consideration in long-term use of the drug.

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ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lyophilized pomegranate extract on spermatological features, pathology of testes and total antioxidant/oxidant status in rabbits. Adult male rabbits were divided into four groups containing six rabbits each. For 8 weeks, Group I received standard diet and 1 ml % 0.5 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Group II received 25 mg/kg/day pomegranate extract + 1 ml % 0.5 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Group III received 50 mg/kg/day pomegranate extract + 1 ml % 0.5 CMC and Group IV received 100 mg/kg/day pomegranate extract + 1 ml % 0.5 CMC. Rabbits were sacrificed by using xylazine 5 mg/kg+ketamine 35 mg/kg anaesthesia and were euthanized by 150 mg / kg intraperitoneal thiopental sodium at the end of the eighth week. Spermatozoon motility, abnormal sperm rate, sperm membrane integrity, total antioxidant/oxidant level and spermatogenic cell density were investigated. All analyses were done only once at the end of study period. Data were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the degree of significance was set at (p<0.05). Sperm motility and membrane integrity increased significantly (p<0.05) in groups II, III and IV; abnormal sperm rate decreased significantly (p<0.05) in groups III, IV; total oxidant status decreased significantly (p<0.05) in group IV in comparison to the control group. Seminiferous tubule diameter increased significantly (p<0.05) in all groups compared to the control group. Germinal cell layer thickness significantly increased (p<0.05) in group IV compared to the control group. Results of this study suggest that 50 mg/kg/day + 1 ml % 0.5 CMC and 100 mg/kg/day + 1 ml % 0.5 CMC improve sperm parameters in rabbits.

Kocatepe Vet J 2013 6(1): 25-31 25 ÖZETSunulan çalışmada akut ishalli neonatal buzağılarda venöz asit-baz durumu ve renal fonksiyon arası ilişki irdelenmiştir. Çalışma materyalini, yaşları 1-30 gün arasında değişen, farklı ırk ve cinsiyette akut ishalli 50 ve klinik olarak sağlıklı 6, toplam 56 neonatal buzağı oluşturdu. Materyali oluşturan buzağıların kanlarında; üre, kreatinin, potasyum, albumin, kolesterol, trigliserid, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein, kreatin kinaz, kreatin kinaz-MB, total biluribin, glukoz, alanin amino transferaz, aspartat amino transferaz, gamma glutamil transferaz, fosfor, kalsiyum, sodyum, bikarbonat ve pH değerleri ölçüldü ve ölçülen parametreler arası korelasyon hesaplandı. Çalışma sonuçları; ishalli buzağılarda, kontrol grubuna göre; pH, bikarbonat, potasyum, üre, kreatinin, trigliserit, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein, fosfor ve kreatinkinaz-MB değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede bir farkın olduğunu ortaya koydu. Albumin, kolestrol, kreatin kinaz, total biluribin, glukoz, alanin amino transferaz, aspartat amino transferaz, gamma glutamil transferaz, kalsiyum ve sodyum değerlerinde ise istatistiksel olarak bir fark tespit edilmedi. Renal fonksiyon ile kan pH ve bikarbonat değerleri arasında negatif korelasyon belirlendi. Elde edilen veriler, akut ishalli neonatal buzağılarda tedavi prosedürünün tayini ve prognozun tespitinde, metabolik asidozisin yanısıra, renal fonksiyondaki bozulma ve metabolik durum değişikliklerinin de (hipofosfatemi, hipokolestrolemi vb) göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiğine vurgu yapmaktadır.• •• Correlations Between Venous Acid-Base Status and Renal Function in Neonatal Calves With Acute Diarrhea S U M M A R YIn the present study, the relationship between venous acid-base status and renal function was investigated. 50 calves with acute diarrhea and clinically healthy 6 totally 56 calves of diverse breed and sex aged between 1-30 days were used. Each of these calves urea, creatine, potassium, albumine, cholestrol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, total biluribin, glucose, alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, gamma-glutamil transferase, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, bicarbonate and pH were measured in the blood serum and correlation between the parameters were calculated. As a result pH, bicarbonate, potassium, urea, creatinine, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, phosphorus and creatine kinase-MB values significantly different in the calves with acute diarrhea compare with the control group. For albumine, cholestrol, creatine kinase, total biluribin, glucose, alanin amino transferase, aspartat amino transferase, gamma glutamil transferase, calcium and sodium values were not changed significanty in the groups. Otherwise, negative correlation were calculated between renal functions with pH and bicarbonate. Our data show that as well as metabolic acidosis, renal disfunction and changes in metabolic (hypophosphotemia, hypolipidemia, etc) should be considered determination of treatment proce...