Forest fragmentation has been found to affect biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in multiple ways. We asked whether forest size and isolation in fragmented woodlands influences the climate warming sensitivity of tree growth in the southern boreal forest of the Mongolian Larix sibirica forest steppe, a naturally fragmented woodland embedded in grassland, which is highly affected by warming, drought, and increasing anthropogenic forest destruction in recent time. We examined the influence of stand size and stand isolation on the growth performance of larch in forests of four different size classes located in a woodland-dominated forest-steppe area and small forest patches in a grassland-dominated area. We found increasing climate sensitivity and decreasing first-order autocorrelation of annual stemwood increment with decreasing stand size. Stemwood increment increased with previous year's June and August precipitation in the three smallest forest size classes, but not in the largest forests. In the grassland-dominated area, the tree growth dependence on summer rainfall was highest. Missing ring frequency has strongly increased since the 1970s in small, but not in large forests. In the grassland-dominated area, the increase was much greater than in the forest-dominated landscape. Forest regeneration decreased with decreasing stand size and was scarce or absent in the smallest forests. Our results suggest that the larch trees in small and isolated forest patches are far more susceptible to climate warming than in large continuous forests pointing to a grim future for the forests in this strongly warming region of the boreal forest that is also under high land use pressure.
The sample trees of Gmelin larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) and Chekanovsky larch (Larix czekanowskii Szaf ) were destructively sampled for stem volume and above ground biomass study in the Ereen Mountain Forest-Vegetation Province of Mongolia. Allometric equations for the estimation of the single-tree stem volume and aboveground biomass (AGB) of Larix czekanowskii and Larix gmelinii using the independent variables as tree height (H), stem diameter at breast height (D) and D2H. The best-fit equation for stem volume modeling was lnŶ=-7.829+0.748ln(D²×H) for Larix gmelinii and lnŶ=-11.416+0.903lnD+2.9×lnH for Larix czekanowskii. The best performing single-tree biomass model was found for the allomеtric equations lnŶ=lna+b×lnD+c×lnH for total AGB, stem, branch, foliage biomass of Larix czekanowskii and total AGB and stem biomass of Larix gmelinii, lnŶ = lna + b×lnD for branch and foliage biomass of Larix gmelinii. Монгол орны Эрээний нурууны Гмелиний болон Чекановскийн шинэс модны газрын дээрх биомассын аллометрийн тэгшитгэл Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгааны үр дүнд Монгол орны ой-ургамалжлын мужлалын Эрээн нурууны хошууны Гмелиний (Дагуур) шинэс (Larix gmelinii Rupr.), Чекановскийн шинэс (Larix Czekanowskii Szaf.) модны газрын дээрх биомассыг судалж, модны ишний эзлэхүүн, газрын дээрх биомассыг ишний 1.3 м өндөр дэх диаметр (D), өндөр (H) болон D2Н зэрэг үзүүлэлтийг ашиглан тооцоолох аллометрийн загвар боловсруулав. Модны ишний эзлэхүүнийг тооцоолоход Гмелиний шинэс модонд lnŶ=-7.829+0.748ln(D²×H), Чекановскийн шинэс модонд lnŶ=-11.416+0.903lnD+2.9×lnH тэгшитгэл сайн тохирч байна. Гмелиний шинэс модны иш, мөчир, шилмүүс, газрын дээрх нийт биомассыг загварчлахад хоёр хувьсагчтай lny=lna+b×lnD+c×lnH тэгшитгэл хамгийн тохиромжтой.. Чекановскийн шинэс модны хувьд иш, газрын дээрх биомассыг lny=lna+b×lnD+c×lnH тэгшитгэлээр, харин мөчир, шилмүүсний биомассыг lnŶ = lna + b×lnD гэсэн нэг хувьсагчтай логарифм тэгшитгэлээр тооцоолох нь илүү нарийвчлалтай болно. Түлхүүр үгc: Гмелиний шинэс (Larix gmelinii Rupr.), Чекановскийн шинэс (Larix Czekanowskii Szaf.) модны эзлэхүүн, газрын дээрх биомасс, аллометрийн тэгшитгэл.
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