children and adolescents with haematological malignancies (pedHM) are characterized by a severe loss of exercise ability during cancer treatment, lasting throughout their lives once healed and impacting their social inclusion prospects. The investigation of the effect of a precision-based exercise program on the connections between systems of the body in pedHM patients is the new frontier in clinical exercise physiology. This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of 11 weeks (3 times weekly) of combined training (cardiorespiratory, resistance, balance and flexibility) on the exercise intolerance in PedHM patients. Two-hundred twenty-six PedHM patients were recruited (47% F). High or medium frequency participation (HAd and MAd) was considered when a participant joined; > 65% or between 30% and < 64% of training sessions, respectively. The "up and down stairs'' test (TUDS), "6 min walking" test (6MWT), the "5 Repetition Maximum strength" leg extension and arm lateral raise test (5RM-LE and 5RM-ALR), flexibility (stand and reach), and balance (stabilometry), were performed and evaluated before and after training. The TUDS, the 5RM-LE and 5RM-ALR, and the flexibility exercises showed an increase in HAd and MAd groups (P < 0.05), while the 6MWT and balance tests showed improvement only in HAd group (P < 0.0001). these results support the ever-growing theory that, in the case of the treatment of PedHM, 'exercise is medicine' and it has the potential to increase the patient's chances of social inclusion.

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The adrenal medullary cells of the common marmoset were studied histochemically in control and strychnine-injected animals. These cells contains only adrenaline as they are not reactive to potassium iodate or fluorescent to ultraviolet light, and they do not show a strong reaction after incubation in α-naphthyl acetate, acetylthiocholine and butyrylthiochohine. They also contain alkaline phosphatase and a small amount of adenosine triphosphatase, but lack acid phosphatase. A moderate stimulus with strychnine produces a reduction of the chromaffin reaction with a marked or total loss of alkaline phosphatase; with a stronger dose of strychnine, these cells lose almost all chromaffin reaction, while alkaline phosphatase persists either in equal on in larger quantity. The presence of alkaline phosphatase was related to the release of adrenaline.