Sexualidade em adolescentes de uma escola pública do interior do Rio Grande do Sul Sexuality in adolescents from a public school in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul
Introdução: O envelhecimento humano envolve transformações físicas, psicológicas, sociais e culturais, o que pode favorecer o surgimento de transtornos mentais (Costa, 2009). Os transtornos psiquiátricos têm grande contribuição em relação à redução da capacidade funcional e da qualidade de vida em idosos. Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da pandemia COVID-19 na saúde mental de idosos que vivem em instituições de longa permanência para idosos (ILPIs). Métodos: Revisão integrativa nas bases de dados PUBMED, Scielo e LILACS com os descritores: ILPI, idoso, saúde mental, depressão, transtornos de ansiedade e COVID-19. Resultados: A OMS recomendou estrito isolamento social na área geriátrica. Ao mesmo tempo que é essencial para combater a COVID-19, é sinal de alerta como importante causa da solidão, especialmente nas ILPIs. No Brasil, o Ministério da Saúde emitiu uma nota técnica que sugere suspensão de visitas presenciais a idosos que residem em ILPIs no período da pandemia, com o intuito de reduzir a transmissão da doença. Estudos recentes enfatizam a alta frequência de anormalidades mentais subsindrômicas na população em geral durante a pandemia, afetando até um terço dos indivíduos (Rajkumar, 2020). As manifestações podem ser representadas por aumento na autopercepção de estresse, maior prevalência de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, queixas de sono e recaída de transtornos psiquiátricos pré-existentes (Pfefferbaum e North, 2020). Conclusão: Diante disso, verifica-se que as ILPIs devem buscar manter seus moradores interagindo de alguma forma com familiares e amigos, para que se reduza a incidência de transtornos psiquiátricos e obtenham melhora na qualidade de vida.
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Science and Technology Department, Brazilian Ministry of Health.
Introduction
Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) disease has been associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors including cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Patients with NAFLD also have increased risk of coronary artery disease and major adverse cardiovascular events.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the associations of liver enzymes with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 22-year-old individuals from a 1993 birth cohort in Brazil.
Methods
During 1993, all live born babies in the city were invited to take part in a prospective study and sub-samples of this cohort were followed-up since then. At the 22-year follow-up, the liver enzymes evaluated were aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were obtained calculating the mean of two measurements (at the beginning and the end of the interview) using a blood pressure monitoring device. The co-variables taken into consideration were sex, fasting period, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triglycerides, cholesterol, excessive alcohol consumption (>8 points in the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), and physical inactivity. Adjusted linear regressions have been performed and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
The sample was composed of 2603 (49.6%) men and 2645 (50.4%) women of approximately 22 years old. Median (IQR) AST (U/L) was 21 (18-26), and GGT (U/L) 24 (18-33). Mean (±SD) ALT (U/L) was 19 ± 16.5, SBP (mmHg) 123.9 ± 13.8, and DBP (mmHg) 73 ± 8.7. An increase of 1 U/L in ALT concentrations corresponded to a predicted increase of 0.87 mmHg in SBP and 0.62 mmHg in DBP (Table). This was stronger for GGT, as an increase of 1 U/L in GGT concentrations corresponded to a predicted increase of 1.41 mmHg in SBP and 1.14 mmHg in DBP (Table). AST was not associated with SBP (p = 0.094) or DBP (p = 0.093) (Table).
Conclusions
ALT and GGT are positively associated with SBP and DBP independent of potential confounders since early adult age. As causal roles remain unclear, prospective large-scale studies are necessary to better understand this association. Abstract Figure.
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